OBJECTIVE It is believed that chronic graft dysfunction is associated not only with immune factor but also with non-im-mune factors including dyslipidemia. Anti-rejection agents as cyclosporin A (CsA) and FK506 may exert different effects on lipidmetabolism about which there is not much literature. METHODOLOGY 234 cases of renal recipients were involved in thisstudy,among them 198 on CsA 200 ～ 250 mg/(kg·d)treatment and 36 on FK506 0.08 ～ 0.13 mg/(kg·d) treatment. Other anti-rejection agents as mycophenolate mofetil and corticosteroid are comparable between the two groups. Changes of serum lipids wereobserved in the follow-up for three years after transplantation. Student t test and chi-square test were used in the comparison be-tween the two groups. REDULTS No significanrt difference of the serum lipids mean levels was found btween the two groupsbefore operation( P ＞ 0.05).In FK506 group no significant difference of lipids mean levels was found btween the pre-operationand post operation levels while in CsA group serum cholesterol(4.3 ± 1.2 mmol/L vs 4.9 ± 1.6 mmol/L)and triglyceride (0.79 ±0.56 mmoL/L vs 0.83 ± 0.53 mmol/L)increased significantly after operation. The percentage of patients with hyperlipidemia inCsA group was significantly higher than that in FK506 group(17.17% vs2.78%,P＜0.05). CONCLUSION FK506issu-perior to CsA with respect to their effects on serum lipids that are associated with the occurrence of chronic renal graft dysfunction.%目的：研讨FK506和环孢素A(CsA)对肾移植术后患者脂质代谢的影响。方法：对我们近三年以FK506或CsA为主要免疫抑制剂的肾移植患者术后1年血脂变化进行统计及初步分析，明确两组患者脂质代谢的不同之处。 结果：CsA组(198例)术后患者血脂增高的比例明显高于FK506(36例，17.17％ vs 2.78％，P＜0.05)且CsA组血脂增高患者的手术前、后血脂水平亦有明显差异(4.3±1.2 mmol／L vs 4.9±1.6 mmol／L，P＜0.01)。结论：肾移植患者术后应用FK506比CsA可以有效降低高脂血症的发病率。
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