目的 观察实验性大鼠骨质疏松模型股骨颈超微结构的变化特点,并探讨利用原子力显微镜观察的可行性.方法 清洁级雌性SD大鼠(鼠龄3个月)60只,体重(200±20)g.随机将其分成对照组(Sham组)、去卵巢组(OVX组)、阿伦膦酸钠治疗组(ALN组)、PEMFs治疗组(PEMFs组),每组大鼠15只.除Sham组外,对其他各组行双侧卵巢切除术,造模后第30天开始分组干预.ALN组给予阿伦膦酸钠灌胃,PEMFs组给予脉冲电磁场治疗.Sham组和OVX组手术后正常喂养,不予任何处理.治疗后30d取大鼠股骨头切片,通过AFM观察大鼠股骨颈的表面超微结构.结果 Sham组原子力显微镜扫描可显示骨组织的骨陷窝、骨小管及其表面的钙磷晶体沉积,骨组织表面粗糙度为(2.59±0.645) μm.OVX组可见骨陷窝的大小变化及其钙磷晶体的排列紊乱,模型组骨组织表面粗糙度明显高于对照组(P＜0.01),提示造模成功;ALN组表面粗糙度明显低于OVX组(P＜0.05),PEMFs组的表面粗糙度与OVX组相比,有明显降低,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05);而PEM Fs组与ALN组比较,其表面粗糙度无明显差异(P＞0.05).结论 通过原子力显微镜能清晰观察到脉冲电磁场对大鼠骨质疏松治疗后的骨组织表面超微结构的变化,其疗效与阿仑膦酸钠相当,为脉冲电磁场治疗骨质疏松提供了一定的理论依据.%Objective To observe changes of the ultrastructure characteristics of the femoral neck in the experimental rat model of osteoporosis, and to discuss the feasibility of using atomic force microscopy.Methods Sixty 3-month-old clean class female SD rats (200 ± 20g) were randomly divided into control group (Sham group), ovariectomy group (OVX group), alendronate sodium phosphate drug therapy group (group OVX + ALN), and PEMFs treatment group (OVX + PEMFs group), with 15 rats in each group.Rats in OVX group and PEMFs group were ovariectomized.After 30 days of the operation, rats in ALN group received alendronate sodium phosphate intragastrically, and rats in PEMFs group received pulse electromagnetic field therapy.Rats in Sham group and OVX group were normally fed.The rat femoral head section was collected 30 days after treatment and the ultrastructure was observed with the microscope.Results Under the atomic force microscope, the lacunae bone and bone calcium phosphate crystals deposited on the surface of the small officer were displayed in Sham group.The bone tissue surface roughness was 2.59 ± 0.645 μm.In OVX group, the change of the size of the pit and its bone calcium phosphate crystal were in disordered arrangement,and the bone tissue surface roughness was obviously higher than that in control group (P ＜ 0.01), suggesting the success of OVX model.The surface roughness in OVX + ALN group was obviously lower than that in OVX group (P ＜ 0.05).The surface roughness in PEMFs group was lower than that in OVX group, with statistically significance (P ＜ 0.05), while it was not obviously different between OVX + PEMFs group and OVX + ALN group (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion By means of atomic force microscope the surface ultrastructure change can be observed clearly after PEMFs treatment in osteoporotic rat.The effect is comparable with that of alendronate sodium phosphate.The results provides certain theory basis for treatment of osteoporosis with PEMFs.
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