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首页> 外文学位 >Polymers, surfactants, and proteins at biomaterial interfaces: Observation, manipulation, and measurement of surface interactions using atomic force microscopy.
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Polymers, surfactants, and proteins at biomaterial interfaces: Observation, manipulation, and measurement of surface interactions using atomic force microscopy.

机译：生物材料界面处的聚合物，表面活性剂和蛋白质：使用原子力显微镜观察，操作和测量表面相互作用。

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Biomaterials science has a large stake in cellular and molecular interactions at the blood-biomaterial interface. The efficacy of cardiovascular implants is largely dependent on responses of the body, which are mediated by the biomaterial surface. In this work, the observation of blood plasma protein adsorbed to biomaterial surfaces, the manipulation of surface properties of biomaterials to inhibit protein adsorption, and an attempt to measure specific interactions at platelet surfaces are presented.; Fibrinogen, a plasma protein important in coagulation, is adsorbed to three relevant biomaterial surfaces: polydimethylsiloxane, low-density polyethylene, and extended polytetrafluoroethylene. Phase contrast atomic force microscopy (AFM) is utilized to distinguish the protein from the biomaterial topography.; The manipulation of surface properties is based on the hypothesis that modifying biomaterial surface to mimic the cell glycocalyx will render a protein resistant, and therefore less thrombogenic, surface. Biomimetic surface modifications are prepared by physisorption of oligosaccharide surfactants. It is the primary work of this thesis to investigate the adsorption structure of such modifications. Oligosaccharide diblock surfactants are the simplest of such a modifications. N-alkylmaltonamide surfactants of varying hydrophobic segment lengths were observed to form a saccharide layer at a graphite substrate. Oligosaccharide surfactant polymers, which are intended to provide a higher density of saccharides at the surface and to form a more stable surface than the diblock surfactants, also were characterized at the graphite surface. The effect of the hydrophilic side chains and the hydrophobic-hydrophilic balance were investigated. Polymer surfactants with appropriate side chains were capable of forming a confluent layer of polysaccharides. These layers inhibit plasma protein and fibrinogen adsorption as compared to a graphite substrate.; The measurement and mapping of specific receptor-ligand interactions across a platelet surface was attempted using AFM. It was found that modifications of the AFM instrumentation are needed to appropriately make the measurement. The AFM is sensitive enough to make such measurements, but the resolution of the force measurements and the time required to measure forces prohibits the mapping of adhesion forces at the level of receptor-ligand bonds.
机译：生物材料科学在血液-生物材料界面的细胞和分子相互作用中具有重大利益。心血管植入物的功效在很大程度上取决于由生物材料表面介导的身体反应。在这项工作中，提出了血浆蛋白吸附到生物材料表面的观察，操纵生物材料抑制蛋白吸附的表面特性以及试图测量血小板表面特定相互作用的尝试。纤维蛋白原是一种对凝血至关重要的血浆蛋白，被吸附到三个相关的生物材料表面：聚二甲基硅氧烷，低密度聚乙烯和扩展的聚四氟乙烯。相衬原子力显微镜（AFM）用于区分蛋白质与生物材料的形貌。表面性质的操纵是基于这样的假设，即修饰生物材料表面以模仿细胞糖萼将使蛋白质具有抗性，并因此减少血栓形成。仿生表面修饰是通过寡糖表面活性剂的物理吸附制备的。研究这类修饰物的吸附结构是本论文的主要工作。寡糖二嵌段表面活性剂是这种修饰中最简单的。观察到疏水链段长度不同的N-烷基丙二酰胺表面活性剂在石墨基质上形成糖层。与二嵌段表面活性剂相比，旨在在表面上提供更高密度的糖并形成更稳定表面的寡糖表面活性剂聚合物也在石墨表面上进行了表征。研究了亲水侧链和疏水-亲水平衡的影响。具有适当侧链的聚合物表面活性剂能够形成多糖的汇合层。与石墨基底相比，这些层抑制血浆蛋白和纤维蛋白原的吸附。使用AFM尝试在整个血小板表面进行特定受体-配体相互作用的测量和作图。发现需要对AFM仪器进行修改才能适当地进行测量。原子力显微镜足够灵敏地进行这种测量，但是力测量的分辨率和测量力所需的时间阻碍了粘附力在受体-配体键水平上的映射。

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