Objective To retrospectively study the change of bone mineral density (BMD) and the prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis in urban community residents in Chongqing,to compare the outcome between dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and quantitative ultrasound (QUS) technique in osteoporosis screening,in order to provide scientific basis for early prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.Methods The data of radial BMD of 9158 healthy Han people (4577 males and 4581 females) who received health examination in the Health Management Center of Southwest China University were collected from September 2012 to December 2016.BMD was randomly detected using DXA or QUS.Osteoporosis was diagnosed according to T value and the detection rate was calculated respectively.Results The total detection rate of osteoporosis in this study was 15.6％ (9.5％ in males and 21.6％ in females,respectively).The detection rate of osteoporosis increased along with the aging,whereas the proportion of people with normal bone mass presented a downtrend.The total detection rate of osteoporosis of people over 40-year-old was 19.0％ (11.1％ in males and 27.3％ in females,respectively),while it was 23.2％ (13.3％ in males and 33.7％ in females,respectively) in people over 50-year-old.Comparing the two detection method,the detection rate of osteoporosis using QUA was higher than that using DXA (P ＜ 0.001).Conclusion The detection rate of osteoporosis in urban community residents in Chongqing is higher than that in elsewhere in China.Hence,Chongqing is a high-prevalence area of osteoporosis.The bone health situation of this group needs to pay attention.Selecting a convenient and cost-efficient detection method and intervening of osteopenia risk factors at high-risk group of community residents are critical points for prevention and control of osteoporosis incidences.%目的 回顾性研究重庆城区居民的骨密度情况,了解该区域人群骨量减少和骨质疏松的患病率,分析比较双能X线与定量超声桡骨骨密度检查方法的优劣,为骨质疏松的早防早治提供科学依据.方法 采集2012年9月至2016年12月在西南大学医院健康管理中心完成桡骨远端骨密度检测且资料完备的9158名(男性4577名,女性4581名)健康汉族成年体检者数据,随机采用双能X线测量法或定量超声检测法进行检测,根据T值判定骨质疏松并计算其检出率.结果 该人群骨质疏松总检出率为15.6％,其中男性为9.5％,女性为21.6％.随着年龄的增加,男女性骨质疏松的检出率不断上升,骨量正常人群比例呈不断下降趋势.40岁以上人群骨质疏松总检出率为19.0％,男性和女性分别为11.1％和27.3％;50岁以上人群骨质疏松总检出率为23.3％,男性和女性分别为13.3％和33.7％.两种骨密度检测方法比较,桡骨定量超声法骨质疏松的检出率高于双能X线测量法(P ＜0.001).结论 重庆城区居民的骨质疏松检出率高于全国水平,属于骨质疏松高发地区,该区域人群骨健康状况堪忧;因地制宜选择便捷高效经济的骨量异常检测方法,并针对城区居民的生活环境特点进行系统规范的骨量减少危险因素干预,是预防和控制骨质疏松发生的关键.
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