Es是发生在电离层E层高度上的偶发电离增强结构,其电子密度最高可达E层背景电子密度的100倍以上.Es出现概率和强度全球分布不均,主要分布在中低纬度地区,极区也有较强Es出现并具有显著特点.极区Es的研究,对研究Es成因和物理机理具有重要科学意义.本文利用Syowa站(69.0°S,39.6°E)40余年的观测数据,选取临界频率和虚高两个参数,研究了南极地区Es强度特性、日变化、季节变化及长期变化特性.%Sporadic E(Es) layers are ionization enhancements in the E region of the ionosphere, where electron density can reach one hundred times the background level in some cases. The intensity and probability of the appearance of Es layers vary around the earth, and they are mostly distributed in the mid- and low-latitudes. In the polar regions, the Es layers are active and have unique characteristics. Therefore, the study of Es in polar regions is very important for investigating the physical mechanisms of Es. This paper, using 40 years' data from the Japanese Syowa Station in Antarctica (69.0°S, 39.6°E), looks at intensity characteristics, and the daily, seasonal and long term changes in Es in Antarctica, using h' Es and/0 Es.
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