为了解东北地区(黑龙江省、吉林省和辽宁省)的猪病毒性腹泻发病情况和流行特点,本研究对2015年～2016年间东北地区的88个疑似病毒性腹泻猪场进行临床症状、发病猪日龄、发病时间、发病率、病死率等基本情况调查,并采用RT-PCR和抗原快速检测试剂盒对送检疑似病毒性腹泻仔猪粪便或肠道内容物264份样品进行病原检测.调查结果显示,疫情多发生在冬春寒冷季节.发病初期,后备猪、母猪或育肥猪呈一过性腹泻,发病率一般在1％以下,腹泻主要发生于哺乳仔猪,发病率高达87.97％,病死率高达89.90％.3个省份的7日龄以内仔猪发病率分别为62.52％、79.73％和75.00％,病死率为84.91％、80.87％和80.25％.随着日龄的增加,仔猪的发病率和死亡率呈明显递减趋势.病原学检测结果显示,传染性胃肠炎病病毒(TGEV)的阳性率为6.06％(16/264),猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)的阳性率为74.62％(197/264),猪轮状病病毒(PoRV)的阳性率为25.76％.其中,单一病原感染以PEDV最高,感染率为48.86％,PoRV感染率为1.52％,TGEV感染率为0.38％.存在TGEV/PEDV、TGEV/PoRV、PEDV/PoRV混合感染和PEDV/TGEV/PoRV的3重感染,以PEDV/PoRV的双重感染为主.结果表明,东北三省份的猪病毒性腹泻发病率和死亡率均较高,主要病原以PEDV为主.该调查结果为东北地区养殖场猪病毒性腹泻的综合防控提供流行病学数据.%In order to investigate epidemic characteristics of viral diarrhea in pigs in Northeast region of China (Heilongjiang,Jilin and Liaoning provinces),a total of 88 pig farms were surveyed on prevalence of the viral diarrhea diseases during 2015-2016,and 264 samples of suspected viral diarrhea of piglet feces or intestinal contents samples were detected by RT-PCR and reagent kit for rapid detection of viral antigens.Survey results displayed that the viral diarrhea mainly occurred in spring and winter.At the early stage of the disease,replacement gilts,sows and fattening pigs showed transient diarrhea,the incidence rate was below 1％ generally.In the newborn piglets within 7 days of age,the incidence rate was as high as 87.97％,the mortality was as high as 89.9％.With the increase of day age,the incidence and mortality of piglets showed a significantly decreasing.The incidence rates of piglets in Heilongjiang,Jilin and Liaoning provinces were 62.52％,79.73％ and 75.00％,and the mortality was 84.91％,80.87％ and 80.25％,respectively.Pathogen detection results showed the positive rates of TGEV,PEDV and PoRV were 6.06％ (16/264),74.62％ (197/264) and 25.76％,respectively.The single virus infection rate of PEDV was the highest,the positive rates were 48.86％ for PEDV,1.52％ for PoRV and 0.38％ for TGEV,respectively.The mixed infections were common for TGEV/PEDV,TGEV/PoRV,PEDV/PoRV and PEDV/TGEV/PoRV,PEDV/PoRV.These date indicated that the incidence and mortality of porcine viral diarrhea in three provinces in Northeast China were higher and the main pathogen was PEDV.
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