Objective To investigate the single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) rs3733591(C>T) of SLC2A9 gene in Chinese Han population, and to explore the association of this gene polymorphisms with gout susceptibility, tophi, serum uric acid levels, other clinical and laboratory data and the levels of SLC2A9 mRNA of peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs). Methods ① A total of 297 primary gout arthritis patients(GA) and 211 normal controls(NC) were enrolled into this study. The clinical and laboratory data of patients were collected. The genotypes and alleles frequencies were measured by using TaqMan ®SNP Geno-typing Assays and the possible association between gene polymorphism of SLC2A9 and gout was investigated by Chi-square test. The odds ratios(OR) and 95% confidence intervals(95%CI) were calculated. ② The lev-els of SLC2A9 mRNA on PBMCs of 86 gout patients(46 patients in remission) and controls were measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The nonparametric test was used to analyze the expression in different groups. Results The frequencies of genotypes and alleles of rs3733591(C>T) in gout patients were different from controls(P<0.05). The frequency of TT genotype was significantly lower than that in controls (P<0.05) and the relative risk of this genotype to develop gout was 0.647 (95%CI: 0.452-0.925). Moreover, the frequency of T allele in cases was much lower than in controls (60.9% vs 69.2%, χ2=7.324, P=0.007, OR=0.695), but the frequency of C allele was much higher(39.1% vs 30.8%, χ2=1.440, P=0.007, OR=1.440). Interestingly, the levels of SLC2A9 mRNA on PBMCs in gout patients who carried TC genotype of rs3733591 was higher than those who carried TT genotype(P<0.05). There was no difference in the expression of SLC2A9 mRNA on PBMCs among different genotype carriers of rs3733591 in controls (P>0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the distribution of genotypes and alleles between 30 tophaceous gout patients and 190 non-tophaceous gout patients(P>0.05). Conclusion Results of present study suggest the rs3733591(C>T) polymorphism of the SLC2A9 gene might be associated with gout development, but not with tophaceous gout. The C allele predisposes to gout, and TT genotype and T allele might protect Chinese Han population from developing gout. The rs3733591(C>T) polymorphism probably affects the susceptibility to gout by influencing the f expression of SLC2A9 mRNA susceptibility.%目的探讨葡萄糖转运体9（SLC2A9）基因 rs3733591（C>T）的单核苷酸多态性（SNPs）与我国汉族人群痛风发病及血尿酸水平的相关性，并分析其多态性与痛风患者、健康体检者 PBMCs SLC2A9 mRNA 表达的相关性。方法①采用 TaqMan®探针法检测痛风组（297例原发性痛风性关节炎患者）和健康对照组（211名健康体检者） rs3733591（C>T）位点的基因型，χ2检验比较2组基因型及等位基因分布频率，计算比值比（OR）及95%可信区间（95%CI）。②采用实时荧光定量-PCR（RT-qPCR）法检测46例间歇期痛风患者及40名健康对照组 PBMCs SLC2A9 mRNA 的表达水平，非参数检验比较各组变量间的差异，并分析与 rs3733591（C>T）多态性的相关性。结果 rs3733591（C>T）位点的 TT 基因型在痛风组的分布频率显著低于健康对照组（37.7%与48.3%，P=0.017），携带 TT 基因型的个体罹患痛风的相对风险OR 为0.647（95%CI：0.452~0.925）。而等位基因 T 在痛风组中的分布频率为60.9%，显著低于健康对照组的69.2%（χ2=7.324，P=0.007），携带等位基因 T 的个体罹患痛风的相对风险 OR 为0.695（95%CI：0.533~0.905）；等位基因 C 在痛风组中的分布频率为39.1%，显著高于健康对照组的30.8%（χ2=1.440，P<0.05）。痛风组中携带 TC 基因型个体的外周血单个核细胞 SLC2A9 mRNA 的表达水平显著高于携带 TT 基因型者，而痛风组及健康对照组携带其他基因型的个体 SLC2A9 mRNA 的表达差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。有痛风石（30例）痛风患者与无痛风石（190例）痛风患者的基因型及等位基因分布频率差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论本研究提示 SLC2A9基因 rs3733591（C>T）位点的多态性可能与我国汉族人群原发性痛风的易感性相关，而与痛风患者痛风石形成无关；等位基因 C 可能为痛风发病的风险因子，而 TT 基因型及 T 等位基因可能对痛风发病具有保护作用；其多态性可能通过影响 SLC2A9基因的转录表达水平来参与痛风的发病。
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