To adapt quickly to the dynamic topology changes and the limited node energy in Wireless Sensor Networks,a novel routing protocol is proposed based on ant colony algorithm with a pheromone diffusion model. In this protocol, both virtual pheromones and actual pheromones are explored to search path for delivering routing packets and data packets. Furthermore, a Premium-Penalty mechanism is adopted to improve the performance. The simulation in TOSSIM shows that the proposed protocol provides reliable data transmission, prolongs the network lifetime effectively, and shortens transmission delay.%为了快速适应无线传感器网络拓扑的动态变化和节点能量的有限性,本文采用信息素扩散模型,提出一种基于蚁群算法的路由协议.由实际和虚拟两种信息素共同指引路由包和数据包进行偏向性路径搜索.进一步,根据数据包传输情况,对信息素采取奖惩机制,从而为路由优化提供支持.基于TOSSIM平台的仿真表明,该协议在保证数据可靠传输的同时,有效地延长整个网络的生命周期,缩短传输时延.
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