Objectives To investigate the current situation of children's neuropsychological development defects, and analyze the risk factors.Methods 1 109 children were tested by the neuropsychological examination table. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was employed to assess the related risk factors.Results The neuropsycho-logical development of 21.01% children was lower than medium level.Premature,lower education of their parents and parent-absent children were the risk factors for neuropsychological development defects.Conclusions It is nec-essary to strengthen pregnancy care,prevent premature birth,and prompt the early education of children.%目的：了解3~6岁儿童神经心理发育缺陷的现状,并分析其危险因素。方法应用“0~6岁婴幼儿神经心理发育检查表”对1109例儿童进行神经心理发育进行测查,在描述性分析的基础上通过多因素 Logistic 回归分析确定影响儿童神经心理发育的相关因素。结果233名儿童被认定为神经心理发育中下,存在发育缺陷,占总调查儿童的21.01%。早产儿、父母初中及以下文化程度、父母外出务工的儿童发生神经心理发育缺陷的危险性会明显增加,OR 值和95%置信区间值分别为1.63(1.36,2.89)、1.39(1.21,2.41)和1.98(1.57,2.68)。结论有必要加强孕期保健,预防早产,并加强对儿童的早期教育；另外,要加强对留守儿童神经心理发育问题的重视和干预。
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