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首页> 中文期刊> 《热带作物学报》 >不同树龄橡胶树枯落物养分归还比较

不同树龄橡胶树枯落物养分归还比较

         
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摘要

以橡胶无性系PR107为材料,在为期2 a的观测期内,分别于不同月份研究了9个年龄段(4～28 a)的橡胶树枯枝叶凋落量及其凋落物中N、P、K、Ca、Mg的含量,分析了不同季节枯枝叶分解及养分归还的特点及树龄对其的影响.结果表明:(1)枯叶平均养分含量为0.841%,是枯枝的1.69倍;生物量为2 357.7(4 a)～7 392.3(24 a)kg/hm2,是枯枝的15～8.2倍;养分归还量为147.4～498.6 kg/hm2,是枯枝的6.8～37倍.以此推算,在橡胶林30 a的经济寿命期内,枯叶的养分归还总量可达6.01t/hm2,枯枝的养分归还总量可达1.94t/hm2.其中5种大量元素归还总量分别为:N 3.17、P 0.14、K 1.13、Ca 3.04、Mg 048t/hm2.(2)随着树龄的增长,橡胶枯枝叶养分归还量逐渐增加,4 a幼龄树养分归还量仅为1514 kg/hm2.a,24 a养分归还量即增大到最大值,为431.40kg/hm2.a.5种大量元素归还量大小顺序为N>Ca>K>Mg>P.(3)养分归还效率随树龄的增长而增加,4a幼龄树养分归还率极低,仅1.32%,24 a时增加到36.55%,然后下降.5种大量元素归还效率大小顺序为:Mg＞Ca＞N＞K＞P.%The account of fallitter and its content of mineral elements(N, P, K, Ca and Mg) of rubber trees(Hevea brasisiliensis) of clone PR107 at different ages from 4yr to 28yr , were determined, and the characters of falliter decomposing in different season and the effect of aging on decomposition and nutrient return of falliter were also analyzed. The main results showed that: (l)the average nutrient content, biomass and nutrient return of fall leaf were 0.841％, 2357.7(4a)～7392.3(24a)kg/hm2, and 147.4～498.6 kg/hm2, which were 1.69, 1.5～8.2, and 6.8-37 times than that of in fallbranch, respectively. During its 30 years productive period of rubber tree, the total biomass of fall leaf was almost 143 t/hm2, contributing onto mineral elements 6.01 t/hm2, and the fallbranch was 75 t/hm2,contributing onto mineral elements 1.94/hm2. Thereinto, the total N, P, K, Ca and Mg return from fallitter were 3.17, 0.14, 1.13, 3.04 and 0.48 t/hm2, respectively. (2)With increaseing of rubber trees' age, the biomass return of fallitter was increased accordingly. While the return for the 4-year-old tree , it was only 151.4 kg/hm2.a, that for the 24-year-old reached the highest, biggest biomass return with 431.40 kg/hm2.a at 24-year-old,. The order of mineral elements return was: N＞Ca＞K＞Mg＞P. (3)The return ratio of rubber tree was only 1.32％, at 4-year-stage,and became higher gradually along with age increaseing. It had the highest of 36.55％ at 24-year-old stage. In general, its order was: Mg＞Ca＞N＞K＞P.

著录项

  • 来源
    《热带作物学报》 |2011年第1期|1-6|共6页
  • 作者

    曹建华; 陶忠良; 赵春梅; 蒋菊生; 谢贵水;

  • 作者单位

    中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所,农业部橡胶树生物学重点开放实验室,农业部儋州热带农业资源与生态环境重点野外观测站,海南儋州,571737;

    中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所,农业部橡胶树生物学重点开放实验室,农业部儋州热带农业资源与生态环境重点野外观测站,海南儋州,571737;

    海南省农垦科学院,海南,海口,571026;

    海南省农垦科学院,海南,海口,571026;

    中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所,农业部橡胶树生物学重点开放实验室,农业部儋州热带农业资源与生态环境重点野外观测站,海南儋州,571737;

  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 chi
  • 中图分类 橡胶树;
  • 关键词

    年龄; 橡胶树; 枯落物; 养分归还;

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