Objective To investigate the status of eugenic knowledge and skills among medical staffs of primary health and family planning in Yan’ an City of Shaanxi Province and to analyze the effect of participatory teaching method ( PTM) , so as to provide scientific references for further guidance in eugenic assessment and effective prevention of birth defect .Methods In October 2015, 63 health workers of primary health and family planning were sampled randomly from the county and township of Yan ’ an City for the baseline survey of status of eugenic knowledge and skills .Then PTM was applied for the teaching and training of eugenic knowledge and skills .After classes , the teaching effect was evaluated by a unified ten-point-scale and self-administered questionnaire without name .Results The mastery of eugenic knowledge and skills was deficient among medical staffs of primary health and family planning in Yan ’ an City.The average score before teaching was only 5.1 ±1.7.The lowest awareness rate was identified in individual nutrient supplement for prevention of birth defects , risk rating of drugs for pregnancy and critical period of neural tube defects , and it was 7.9%, 11.1%and 31.7%, respectively.Their age, professional title , service agency and professional life were significantly correlated with their eugenic knowledge and skill scores among health workers of primary health and family planning (r value was 0.258, 0.427, 0.353 and 0.260, respectively, all P<0.05).The whole level of knowledge and skills of staffs with older age , high-level titles and county-leveled service agencies was higher than that of those with younger age , low-level titles and township-leveled service agencies .The average score after PTM was 8.8 ±1.5, which was 3.7 points higher than that before teaching with significant difference (t=13.112, P<0.001).And the rate of total score more than 6 was significantly increased compared with before teaching (93.6% vs 23.8%, χ2 =66.706, P <0.001).PTM intervention broke the correlations of age , professional title and professional life with the scores of eugenic knowledge and skills before teaching and resulted in no significant correlations after teaching (r1 after =-0.208, r2 after =-0.222, r4 after =-0.162, all P>0.05).That improved the knowledge and skill levels of all types of staffs .Conclusion The awareness rate of eugenic knowledge and skills of medical staffs of primary health and family planning in Yan ’ an City is generally low .The effect of PTM applied in eugenic teaching is significant , which can improve the level of professional knowledge and skills obviously .It should be promoted and used in training for health workers of primary health and family planning continuously .%目的：调查陕西省延安市基层卫计医务人员优生相关知识与技能现状，分析参与式教学的效果，为进一步指导优生评估和有效预防出生缺陷提供科学依据。方法2015年10月，随机抽取延安市各区县及乡镇63名基层卫计医务人员进行优生相关知识技能的现状基线调查，之后采用参与式教学方法（ PTM）进行优生知识技能教学培训。教学后统一采用10分制不记名自填式问卷进行效果评估。结果延安市基层卫计医务人员优生知识技能掌握程度欠缺，授课前平均得分仅（5．1±1．7）分，对“预防出生缺陷的个体化营养素补充”、“药物对妊娠的危险性分级”、“神经管缺陷发生的关键时期”的知晓率最低，分别为7．9％、11．1％、31．7％；卫计人员的年龄、职称、服务机构、专业年限与其优生知识技能得分均显著相关（r1＝0．258，r2＝0．427，r3＝0．353，r4＝0．260，均P＜0．05），且高年龄、高职称水平和县区级服务机构卫计人员总的知识技能水平高于低年龄、低职称及乡镇级技术人员。参与式教学后，平均得分为（8．8±1．5）分，比教学前增高3．7分，显著高于教学前（t＝13．112，P＜0．001），且总得分6分以上的比率显著增高（93．6％vs．23．8％，χ2＝66．706，P＜0．001）。 PTM教学干预突破了教学前年龄、职称、专业年限与优生知识技能得分的关联，转变为教学后的无显著性相关（r1后＝－0．208，r2后＝－0．222，r4后＝－0．162，均P＞0．05），从而全面提高了各类学员的知识技能水平。结论延安市基层卫计医务人员对优生相关知识与技能操作知晓率普遍较低，参与式优生教学效果显著，可明显提高其专业知识技能水平，应持续在基层卫计医务人员培训中推广使用。
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