目的 了解西安市临潼区6~12岁儿童生长发育情况及超重肥胖检出率. 方法 选取2010年及2014年本地区小学生普查体检报告,筛选6~12岁儿童为研究对象,分析两年中6~12岁儿童各年龄段,不同性别儿童的身高、体重的变化以及超重肥胖的发生情况. 结果 2010年城镇的超重及肥胖检出率分别为14.40%和10.65%,农村分别5.18%和2.38%;2014年城镇的超重及肥胖检出率19.78%和17.62%,农村分别14.00%和7.62%;两年数据比较,农村肥胖增速大于城镇. 两年城镇的超重+肥胖检出率均高于农村(χ2 值分别为981.68、670.32,均P<0.001). 同年龄段超重及肥胖检出率两年相比,差异均具有统计学意义(χ2 值为29.66~275.59,均P<0.001). 同一年内比较,城镇各年龄段男童身高、体重均大于农村( t值为4.51~23.39,均P<0.05);2014年男童的身高、体重均大于2010年(t值为2.91~15.80,均P<0.05). 同一年内比较,城镇各年龄段女童身高均大于农村,除2010年12岁外,其他年龄组差异均有统计学意义( t值为2.80~20.86,均P<0.05);同一年内城镇各年龄段女童体重均大于农村,除2010年及2014年12岁外,其他年龄组差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05). 结论 西安市临潼区6~12岁儿童肥胖检出率明显增加,特点为城镇显著,农村呈追赶趋势;男童高于女童. 呼吁家庭、学校及社会关注儿童肥胖,降低儿童肥胖检出率.%Objective To understand the growth and development of children aged 6-12 years old in Lintong District and the detection rate of overweight and obesity.Methods Medical examination reports of elementary school students aged 6-12 years old in Lintong District in 2010 and 2014 were selected to analyze the height, weight, overweight and obesity of children of different ages and genders.Results The detection rates of overweight and obesity in 2010 were 14.40%and 10.65%in town area and 5.18%and 5.18%in rural area.In 2014 they were 19.78%and 17.62%in town area and 14.00%and 7.62%in rural area.The data of two years showed that the increasing of obesity in rural area was greater than that in town area, and the detection rates of overweight and obesity in town area were higher than in rural area (χ2 value was 981.68 and 670.32, respectively, both P<0.001).The differences in the detection rates of overweight and obesity among children of same age in two years were significant (χ2 value ranged 29.66 -275.59, both P<0.001).The height and weight of boys of different age were greater in town area than in rural area in same year (t value ranged 4.51-23.39, all P<0.05), and those in 2014 were greater than in 2010 (t value ranged 2.91-15.80, all P<0.05).The height of girls of different age was greater in town area than in rural area in same year, and the differences were significant except for that of girls at the age of 12 years old in 2010 ( t value ranged 2.80-20.86, all P<0.05).Meanwhile, the weight of girls of different age was greater in town area than in rural area in same year, and the differences were significant except for that of girls at the age of 12 years old in 2010 and 2014 ( all P <0.05 ) . Conclusion The detection rate of obesity in children aged 6-12 years old in Lintong District increases significantly.It is obvious in town area and a pursuing trend is found in rural area with higher detection rate in boys than in girls.Families, schools and society should focus on childhood obesity so as to reduce its detection rate.
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