目的了解铜陵市集居儿童生长发育、营养状况、营养不良发病率及贫血、龋齿等常见病的变化趋势，以进一步加强和改进托幼机构的卫生保健工作。方法将2003年与2012年全市“六一”体检资料按照世界卫生组织2006年版的评价标准分性别及年龄进行个体评价，对2～6．5岁儿童每半岁分一个年龄组，共9组进行群体综合分析。结果铜陵市10年来的儿童体格发育呈现正增长，体重增长相对明显；2003年与2012年比较，体重达标率（χ2＝94．759，P＜0．001）、身高（长）达标率（χ2＝11．831，P＜0．05），差异均有统计学意义；肥胖检出率明显上升，由2003年的2．45％升至2012年5．32％，差异有统计学意义（χ2＝42．547，P＜0．001）；营养不良、贫血及龋齿发病率差异无统计学意义（均P＞0．05）。结论铜陵市儿童生长发育水平整体呈逐渐增长的趋势，总体营养状况尚好；应注意对肥胖儿的干预；托幼机构及卫生部门应采取措施降低常见病的发生率。%Objective To understand the tendency of physical development , nutritional status , the incidence rate of malnutrition , anemia and dental caries of gathered living children in Tongling City , so as to improve the work of health care in kindergartens .Methods The date of the physical examination results of gathered living children from 2003 to 2012 were collected and analyzed by WHO Child Growth Standards issued in 2006.The children, aged from 2 to 6.5 years old, were divided into 9 groups with 0.5 years difference in each group . Then the physical growth and development of children were assessed .Results In the last ten years , the physical development of children in Tongling City presented positive growth , and weight gain was relatively obvious .Compared the situation in 2003 with that in 2012, the weight qualified rate and the height qualified rate were significantly different (χ2 value was 94.759 and 11.831, respectively, both P<0.001).The detection rate of obesity increased from 2.45%in 2003 to 5.32%in 2012, and the difference was significant (χ2 =42.547, P<0.001).There were no significant differences in the incidence rate of malnutrition , anemia and dental caries ( all P >0.05). Conclusion The level of physical development of gathered living children in Tongling City presents a tendency of gradual increasing , and the overall nutritional status is good .However , much attention should be paid to obesity intervention .Nurseries and kindergartens should take measures to reduce the incidence of common diseases .
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