Objective To investigate the knowledge, attitude and practice ( KAP ) of parents on preschool childhood fever in pediatrics emergency department ( PED ) and factors influencing their management, so as to provide basis for developing health education and comprehensive interventions. Methods When waiting to see a doctor in PED of Xi' an Children Hospital, 234 parents of children with fever who aged 6 months to 5 years old were surveyed with self-designed questionnaires. Results Among the parents, 74.36％ did not know the threshold of childhood fever, 78.63％ considered that mild-moderate fever was harmful to children, 28.63％ knew nothing about the antipyretic, and 23.93％ thought that antipyretic may prevent febrile convulsion effectively. 66.67％ of the parents worried about low heat, and their concerns were infection ( 35.04％ ), febrile convulsion ( 30.77％ ) and brain damage ( 28.63％ ) in turn. At the onset of fever, 72.22％ of the parents went to see a doctor immediately and 50％ gave antipyretic. Logistic regression analysis showed that parents'management was associated with their educational level, home kinds, body temperature ＞ 39 ℃, migrant children and a history of febrile seizure. 78. 89％ of the parents hoped to get knowledge and guidance about childhood fever. Conclusion Parents lack the related knowledge, correct attitude and management of childhood fever. Medical staff in pediatrics should strengthen health education for caregivers and develop health education materials on childhood fever which are suitable for them.%目的 了解急诊科就诊儿童家长对学龄前儿童发热知识的掌握情况、应对态度、处理行为水平以及影响家长行为的因素,为进一步进行儿童发热的健康教育提供依据.方法 在西安市儿童医院急诊科采用自编问卷对234例6个月至5岁发热儿童候诊家长进行现况调查.结果 ①74.36%的家长不知晓定义发热的具体温度,78.63%的家长认为轻-中度发热对儿童是有害的,28.63%的家长对儿童退热剂的品种一无所知,23.93%的家长认为退热剂能有效地预防高热惊厥的发生;②66.67%的家长在儿童低热时就比较担心,担心的问题依次为感染(35.04%)、高热惊厥(30.77%)和脑损伤(28.63%);③72.22%的家长一旦发现儿童发热立即带儿童到医院看医生,一半的家长在儿童低热时即给儿童服用退热剂;④Logistic回归分析提示家长对儿童发热处理的正确与否与家长的受教育程度、家庭类型、体温＞39℃,是否为流动人口以及既往有无高热惊厥相关;⑤78.89%的候诊家长有对发热相关知识和行为指导的需求.结论 家长缺乏与儿童发热相关的知识、应对态度及处理措施,儿科医护人员应加强健康教育,开发适合家长的儿童发热的健康教育资料.
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