Presentation and analysis techniques of the 3D orientation relations play the important role in 3D GIS, spatial database, intelligent traffic control, 3D game and intelligent robot. To remedy the deficiency that the accuracy of the existing methods is not high, the 3DR39-3d orientation relation model is proposed based on the qualitative distance relations and the 3DR39 direction relation. The 3DR39-3d orientation relation model can process and analyze the massive complicated information of the direction and position of the spatial objects. To deal with the complicated dynamic orientation relation by the 3DR39-3d orientation relation model, the dynamic orientation relation based on the motion of the spatial objects and the dynamic orientation relation based on the expansion of the box-space are studied in great detail. To handle the reverse relation of the spatial orientation relation, the reverse relation of the basic orientation space elements is given. The theoretical research and comparative analysis show that the 3DR39-3d orientation relation model can represent and analyze the more complex orientation relation and can enhance the ability to represent the 3D spatial relation of the spatial database.%3D方位关系的表示和分析技术在3D GIS、空间数据库、智能交通控制、3D游戏和智能机器人等领域具有重要作用。为弥补已有方法表示精度不高的不足，将定性距离关系和3DR39方向关系模型相结合，提出一种新的能处理和分析大量复杂方向和位置的关系模型，即3DR39-3d方位关系模型。基于3DR39-3d模型处理复杂的动态方位关系，探讨基于对象运动的动态方位关系和基于盒空间扩张的动态方向关系的特性和规律。为处理空间方位关系的反方位关系问题，给出3DR39-3d模型的基本方位空间元素的反关系。理论研究和比较分析表明，3DR39-3d模型能表示和分析更为丰富的复杂方位关系，增强空间数据库3D方位关系的表示和处理能力。
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