The strength of standard curing concrete sample was often used to determine the quality of concrete structure. But for the influence of environment and the size effect of sample,it was not the real strength of structure. The test and researches on the concrete structure strength these years were analyzed and introduced in this paper. The test method and analysis of real concrete strength,the equivalent age of same curing condition concrete sample,the convert coefficient and condition of same curing condition strength,the simple test method of mean daily temperature,the calculate method of maturity of steam cured concrete,the maturity and equivalent age of concrete in winter,convert maturity of concrete of exposure structure in low temperature,the test method of concrete structure strength with rebound and core method were also analyzed in this paper.%工程上常采用混凝土试块的标准养护强度检验混凝土的施工质量，但由于环境因素、尺寸效应等影响，其并不是真实的结构混凝土强度。对近年来结构混凝土实体强度的试验探讨及研究进行了简要的分析和介绍。包括结构混凝土实体强度的试验量测及分析；同条件强度试件的等效龄期；同条件强度验收的折算系数及验收条件；日平均温度的简易确定方法；蒸养混凝土的成熟度计算；冬期保温施工的成熟度及等效龄期；冬期低温暴露结构的折算成熟度以及采用回弹—取芯检测结构混凝土实体强度的方法。
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