To solve environmental problems arising from tank bottom oily sludge, the effect of using a novel environment-friendly detergent on thermochemical washing efficiency of treating tank bottom oily sludge was investigated. Through observing the structure of oil slick after the washing process by biological microscope as well as determining oil recovery rate, the best washing condition was determined as follows:the detergent mass fraction 1.2%and mixing heating time 60 min. In this case, the tank bottom sludge could be fully divided into three phase materials, and the oil recovery rate could reach to 92.5%. It’s concluded that this process can actually recover crude oil and reduce environment pollution caused by oil sludge.%为解决罐底油泥的环境问题，采用新型环保清洗剂配方，选用热化学清洗法，研究了该清洗剂对罐底油泥的热化学清洗效果的影响。通过生物显微镜观察清洗后浮油的结构，以及测定油的回收率，确定最佳清洗条件为：清洗剂质量分数为1.2%，清洗时间为60 min。最佳清洗时，罐底油泥能够充分进行三相分离，油回收率可达92.5%，可以有效回收原油，减少环境污染。
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