描述了氦制冷系统的流程设计,根据流程确定系统关键部件透平膨胀机的参数,设计并研制了一台氦气透平膨胀机.为达到氦透平膨胀机高速稳定性及高绝热效率的要求,采用NREC对氦透平膨胀机优化通流部分,采用FLUENT分析气体轴承性能,优化气体轴承机构,采用ANSYS分析优化转子结构参数,提高转子临界转速.现场试验结果表明优化设计后的氦透平膨胀机,在转速12万转/分钟稳定运行,绝热效率达到72％以上,达到了系统设计要求.%A helium refrigeration system was described,the technical parameters of turbine were determined based on system process,which was in key parts,then a helium turbo-expander was designed.The key issue solutions were discussed in the development of helium gas bearing turbo-expander,for high stability and high efficiency.Such as optimizing the flow field of turbine with NREC,analyzing and optimizing characteristics of gas bearing with FLUENT.The shaft parameters with high critical speed was analyzed and optimized with ANSYS.The experimental results show that the helium turbo-expander run steadily at the speed of 120 krpm,the efficiency is over 72％,which satisfies the design requirement.
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