Al-Leith University College;
Umm Al-Qura University;
Makkah 311;
Saudi Arabia;
Institute of Pharmacy;
Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University Greifswald;
Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Straße 17;
D-17489 Greifswald;
Germany;
medicinal mushrooms; Lentinula edodes; osteoporosis; alkaline phosphatase; bone mineralization; shiitake;