残疾人具有各种各样的风险,需要建立"基本+补充"的多层次保障机制.国家通过立法,建立面向全体国民的一般性社会保障制度和针对残疾人的专项社会保障制度,为残疾人提供基本风险的基本保障.基本保障责任范围之外的各类风险和基本保障水平之上的责任,属于补充性保障范畴.国家鼓励保险机构开办商业保险和互助合作保险,由残疾人自主决定、自行购买、自己付费,同时也可基于政府职责,财政适当资助残疾人参加商业保险或互助合作保险.凡政府出资的保险业务,必须公开经营成本,接受社会监督.%People with disabilities face multiple risks which need to establish a "basic plus supplementary" multi-level security mechanism. Through legislation, China has established a general social security system for all citizens and a special social security system for the disabled which provide essential coverage for their basic risks. The scope of supplementary coverage includes all kinds of risks beyond the essential coverage and the liability above the level of fundamental security. The government encourages insurance agencies to set up commercial insurance and mutual-coordinating insurance which give the disabled more options. Meanwhile, beyond the basic security responsibility,the government may offer adequate fiscal funding for the disabled to participate in insurance schemes. Additionally, the operating costs of all the government-funded insurance business must obey financial discloser rule and accept the public's supervision.
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