净初级生产力(Net Primary Productivity,NPP)作为生态系统物质与能量循环的基础,是区域和全球尺度碳循环和碳收支研究的重要组成部分.基于MOD17A3的NPP数据、地表覆盖类型MCD12Q1数据,采用趋势线分析法对中国2000—2015年陆地植被NPP时空格局、变化规律进行研究.结果表明,(1)2000—2015年,全国陆地植被平均NPP为273.5 g·m-2·a-1,变化速率为1.415 g·m-2·a-1,变化百分率为8.8%,全国植被NPP线性增长趋势达到显著水平(P<0.05).中国陆地植被NPP年总量在2.406~2.811 Pg·a-1之间波动,平均值为2.635 Pg·a-1.(2)中国平均植被NPP分布呈现西北低东南高、北方低南方高的基本格局.全国大部分区域,植被NPP水平较低,61.0%的区域植被NPP低于300 g·m-2·a-1.森林、草原、农田平均植被NPP分别为575.5、204.2和388.40 g·m-2·a-1.(3)中国大部分地区年NPP变化趋势不明显,占79.9%的陆地区域植被NPP变化趋势不明显,18.4%的陆地区域植被NPP呈显著增加趋势,仅1.7%的陆地区域植被NPP呈显著减少趋势.(4)占中国陆地总面积59.1%的区域植被NPP增减速率在2 g·m-2·a-1以内,33.4%的区域植被NPP增加速率在2 g·m-2·a-1以上,仅7.4%的区域植被NPP下降速率超过2 g·m-2·a-1.(5)中国大部分地区陆地植被NPP的增长百分率在5%以上,占陆地总面积48.1%,变化不大(变化百分率率在-5%~5%之间)的区域占41.0%,陆地植被NPP的降低率在5%以上的面积占10.8%.该研究对中国各区域生态资源管理,以及生态系统的建设具有一定的指导和借鉴意义.%Net primary productivity (NPP), the basis of material and energy cycle of terrestrial ecosystems, is one of the important components on carbon cycle and carbon budget research. Based on the MOD17A3 NPP data and MCD12Q1 land cover types data, the spatial pattern and variation rules of terrestrial vegetation NPP in China in 2000—2015 is analyzed using trend line analytical methods. The result shows that: (1) The annual terrestrial vegetation NPP has a significant increasing trend (P<0.05), with a percentage of 8.8% in 2000—2015, and the mean value is 273.5 g·m-2·a-1, the change rate is 1.415 4 g·m-2·a-1in 2000—2015 in China. The annual mean value of total NPP average is 2.635 g·m-2·a-1with a range from 2.406 to 2.811 g·m-2·a-1. (2) NPP is unevenly distributed in space distribution over China, the value of NPP over southeast and south is higher than that over northeast and north China. The value of NPP in China is lower and about 61.0% area is lower than 300 g·m-2·a-1. And the NPP value of forest, grass land and farm land is 575.5, 204.2 and 388.4 g·m-2·a-1separately. (3) In the 16 years, the annual variation of vegetation NPP shows no remarkable change over most of the land surface in China (about 79.9%), and about 18.4% of the land surface the NPP shows an increase trend and 1.7% of the land surface shows decrease trend. (4) The increasing rate of NPP is below 2 g·m-2·a-1at about 59.1% of the land surface in China, and about 33.4% of the land surface the NPP increasing rate is greater than 2 g·m-2·a-1, only 7.4% of the land surface the NPP decreasing rate is greater than 2 g·m-2·a-1. (5) In China, the NPP at about 48.1% of the land surface shows an increasing percentage higher than 5%, while at 41.0% of the land surface shows no significant variation -5%~5%, and at about 10.8% of the land surface shows decreasing percentage lower than -5%. This study has implications for the management of resources and constructing and protecting regional ecosystem.
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