城市森林公园作为人们游憩、运动的重要场所,其空气质量倍受市民关注.选择广州市城郊梯度上4个森林公园,采用定位对比观测方法,分析了雨季典型晴天森林公园林内空气颗粒物(TSP、PM10、PM2.5、PM1.0)质量浓度日变化特征及其在城郊梯度上的规律,结果表明,(1)雨季典型晴天,4个森林公园林内的TSP、PM10与PM2.5质量浓度日均值均达到国家环境空气质量一级标准,且PM2.5浓度低于夏季晴天广州城区浓度.4个公园林内PM2.5/PM10的均值范围为0.31～0.45,也表明公园受污染程度均较轻.(2)公园林内各粒径颗粒物质量浓度均值在城郊梯度上均表现出显著差异(P<0.05).市区及市北缘的森林公园林内TSP、PM10质量浓度显著大于郊区森林公园,而PM2.5与PM1.0质量浓度为游客人数最多的市北缘森林公园显著大于市区和郊区森林公园.(3)森林公园林内TSP、PM10、PM2.5、PM1.0质量浓度的日变化趋势均呈先下降后上升,在14:00—16:00达到最小值,4个公园各粒径颗粒物质量浓度日变幅皆以白云山最大.(4)在监测时间范围内,大夫山森林公园空气颗粒物质量浓度受多气象因子共同影响,温度、湿度、气压等对其影响均达到极显著或显著水平.基于上述分析认为,雨季晴天城郊梯度4个森林公园皆适宜休闲游憩,远离市中心、游客人数适中以及有湖泊等水源多的公园为更好的选择.%Urban forest park, as a main receration place for residents, its air quality is of great concern to the public. During the rainy seasons (July—September), atmospheric particulate matters TSP, PM10, PM2.5 and PM1.0 were monitored continuously among four forest parks in Guangzhou along an urban-suburban gradient. The results showed that: (1) In sunny days, average concentrations of TSP、PM10 and PM2.5 of the four forest parks were all within the limit of national first class standard, and the concentration of PM2.5 was lower than the urban areas. The average ratio of PM2.5/PM10 ranged from 0.31 to 0.45, which also indicated that the four forest parks were only slightly contaminated. (2) A significant difference was detected among the four parks (P<0.05). The concentrations of TSP and PM10 in town centre and northern area were significantly higher than the suburban forest parks, while the concentrations of PM2.5 and PM1.0 in northern edge area were significantly higher than in town centre and suburban forest parks. (3) The daily variation of the concentrations of TSP, PM(10, 2.5, 1.0) in the four forest parks showed the same trend, declining from 10:00, and then rising from 14:00 to 16:00. The northern edge area had the greatest daily variation among the four parks. (4) During the observation time, there was at least significant correlation between atmospheric particulate matters concentrations and the meteorological factors (temprature, humidity and pressure) in Dafu Forest Park. Therefore, in sunny days during rainy seasons, the four forest parks are all suitable for relaxation and recreation, and the park with a lake,a few tourists, and far away from city center will be a better choice.
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