The root biomass of Phyllostachys edulis in Huangshan was studied by excavating soil column method, the seasonal variations of root biomass were monitored continuously ,and the correlation between root biomass and temperature and rainfall were analyzed. The results showed that the average biomass of roots was 12.891 t∙hm-2, 88.8%of the roots concentrated in the soil layer of 0-40 cm, the root biomass decreased as depth increased, the root in 0-20 cm layer occupied 62.3%, which was 2.35 and 5.56 times more than 20-40 cm layer and 40-60 cm layer, respectively. The total root biomass had obviously seasonal variation and their variation ranges were 7.686~17.386 t∙hm-2, the highest was in July and the lowest was in February. The root biomass in different soil layers had similar seasonal variation patterns with total root biomass, which began to increase from February until reached a maximum, and then decreased gradually. The maximum of root biomass in 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soils appeared in July, the same as total biomass. While the maximum of root biomass in 40-60 cm appeared in June, had some deviations from the total. The root biomass was significantly associated with temperature, the cubic curve-fitting equation was Y=0.000 1X3-0.001 3X2+0.239 8X+7.602 2(R2=0.956), the root biomass had no significant correlation with rainfall.%采用挖土柱法研究了安徽黄山地区毛竹（Phyllostachys edulis）根系生物量的分布规律，连续观测了根系生物量的季节变化，并分析了根系生物量与温度、降雨等环境因子相关性。研究结果表明：毛竹林的根系生物量平均为12.891 t∙hm-2，88.8%的根系分布在0-40 cm土层，随土层加深根系生物量逐渐减少，0-20 cm土层中的生物量占总生物量的62.3%，分别是20-40 cm与40-60 cm根系生物量的2.35倍与5.56倍；根系总生物量具有明显的季节动态，变化范围为7.686~17.386 t∙hm-2，表现为单峰型，7月份最高，2月份最低；不同深度土壤中毛竹根系生物量也存在明显的季节动态，均从2月份开始上升，达到最大值后逐渐下降，与总生物量的季节变化规律类似，其中0-20 cm与20-40 cm土层根系生物量最大值出现在7月，与总生物量一致，而40-60 cm土层最大值出现在6月，存在一定偏差；毛竹林根系生物量与气温因子显著相关，三次拟合方程为Y=0.0001X3-0.0013X2+0.2398X+7.6022（R2=0.956），与降雨量因子无显著相关性。
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