生态系统服务的研究是当前资源经济学和生态经济学的研究热点之一.通过分析生态系统服务的概念辨析,认为从生态系统功能的定义过渡到生态系统服务定义的过程中,在关注生态系统整体性的同时忽略了生态系统要素之间的相互作用,导致生态系统服务的评估中可能存在着重复估值或者估值不全面等风险.针对目前的很多生态系统的评估对生态系统的耗损贬值和环境退化所造成的负效益的忽略,以及对人类活动的干扰和气候变化等对生态系统服务产生影响研究不足,提出在今后的研究中应该在深入理解生态系统的复杂生态学机制的基础上,结合数学模型模拟在不确定性下的各种风险损失,加强对生态系统服务的时空动态分析,重视在气候变化、经济发展、环境污染、城市化以及人类活动的过度放牧和过度开垦引起的水土流失、环境退化、荒漠化等土地利用变化的干扰时生态系统服务的变化和反馈,更进一步分析和预测生态系统服务的损益和响应研究；通过长期的试验监测揭示生物多样性和生态系统的关系,测度出土地利用和环境变化对生物多样性的影响和边际效益,及其对生态系统服务的影响的弹性值,实现生态系统服务的精确估值；关注生态系统服务对人类福利的影响,尤其重视贫困地区和生态脆弱区的生态系统服务对减小贫困的研究,建立科学的生态补偿机制,实现可持续发展.%Since the publication of Costanza's famous article in Nature in 1997, evaluation of ecosystem services has been one of the hottest and most debated issues in the field of ecology and ecological economics. It distinguish between ecosystem functions and ecosystem services, founded that, more Concerned about the integrity of ecosystems and more ignoring the interactions between ecosystem elements, in order that, there was many risk in the evaluation of ecosystem services, our study should concerned the dynamic analysis of space-time on ecosystem services, on the basis of Combined with mathematical models and understanding of complex ecological mechanisms of ecosystem, we also attach importance to ecosystem services how to feedback the disturbance of the climate change, economic development, environmental pollution, urbanization and human activities, overgrazing and excessive cultivation caused soil erosion, environmental degradation, desertification, land use change and so on, Further analysis and prediction of ecosystem services and the response of the profit and loss; through long-term experiments monitoring, we must revealed relationships between biodiversity and ecosystem, measured the marginal benefit of land use and environmental change on biodiversity and resilience values of biodiversity On ecosystem services to achieve the precise valuation of ecosystem services. The effect of human well-being on ecosystem services particularly in the poor areas and ecologically fragile areas should be pay close attention, most of all, we should focused on the study of poverty reduced, in order to Establish a ecosystem payment mechanism, achieve sustainable development.
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