To realize non-energy consumption domestic sewage treatment, the biological failing water aerated filter was developed and a biofilm formation experiment was conducted. The alternations of biofaeies and the treatment efficiency of COD and NH4^＋-N were analyzed. The results show that COD is mainly removed on the top and middle layers of the biological falling water aerated filter, and the removal of NH4^＋-N is mainly at the bottom of it. When the removal rate of COD is steady at 61.5% ,the removal rate of NH4^-N is also steady at 56%, and the biofaeies are steady,the biofilm is formed. The whole process lasts about 21d.%为实现污水的无能耗处理，根据“跌水曝气式生物滤塔”专利设计制作了5层跌水曝气生物滤池，对其在生活污水处理过程中的自然挂膜过程进行研究，分析了挂膜过程中生物相的变化及对COD、NH4＋-N的去除效果。试验结果表明：COD的去除主要集中在滤池的中上部（第1、2、3滤料层），而对NH4^＋-N的去除主要集中在中下部（第4、5滤料层）。当COD的去除率稳定在61．5％左右，NH4^＋-N的去除率稳定在56％以上，且滤料中的生物相趋于稳定时，标志着反应器挂膜已完成，历时约21d。
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