以河北曹妃甸项目区农田土壤为研究对象，分析测定土壤基本性质和Zn、Cu、Pb、Cd含量，并依据有关标准和模型对土壤环境质量和潜在生态风险进行评价。结果表明：农田土壤总体偏碱性，属壤质和黏壤质水稻土，有机质含量低；土壤中Cu的污染指数最大，Zn、Pb次之，Cd虽没超过国家标准但已出现污染累积现象。在单因子评价中，有76％的土样中Cd元素呈中等或强潜在生态风险，其余元素均无潜在生态风险；在多因子评价中，有95％的土样属于无生态危害或一般生态危害，只有5％是强生态危害。项目区农田土壤质量虽总体良好，但个别区域存在严重生态危害问题，尤其是Cd元素的潜在生态风险十分突出。在今后的土地整理和污染修复工程中，应注意保护清洁农田，防止污染交叉转移，促进农业可持续发展。%As the farmland soil in Caofeidian project area for study object, it had been measured the fundamental nature of the soil and the contents of Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd in soil. And in accordance with relevant standards and models, it had been evaluated the quality and potential ecological risk of soil. The results showed that: the soil was slightly alkaline, loamy or clay loamy paddy soil, low organic matter content; the pollution index of Cu was the largest, Zn、Pb followed, Cd did not pollute according to national standards, but the cumulative phenomenon had occurred. Potential ecological risk level was moderate or strong for Cd element which had accounted for 76% of all soil samples in single⁃factor evaluation, and the remaining elements were risk⁃free. However, potential ecological risk level was free or general ecological harm which had accounted for 95% of all soil samples in multi⁃factor evaluation, whereas only 5% was strong ecological harm. So it showed that the quality of soil was overall good in project area,but individual areas appeared serious ecological hazard problem, especially the potential ecological risk of Cd was very prominent. Therefore, it should be considered that protection the clean farmland and prevention of new pollution in the projects of land consolidation and pollution remediation in the future, to promote the sustainable development of agriculture.
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