环境标准样品是监测过程中重要的质量控制手段,中国受天然基体标准样品制备技术的制约,尚未拥有自己的沉积物中多环芳烃标准样品。为制备符合中国重点流域沉积物类型及多环芳烃浓度水平的沉积物标准样品,对中国6个重点流域的沉积物进行了采样,获得了制备多环芳烃标准样品的原料。分析常温及冷冻2种干燥方式对多环芳烃的影响,为制备大批量多环芳烃标准样品提供数据支持。对11个点位样品采用气相色谱质谱法测定16种优控多环芳烃化合物浓度,结果表明,样品均匀性良好,样品中多环芳烃检出率在99％以上,江河沉积物样品中多环芳烃浓度区间为664~2.91×103μg/kg,湖泊样品最高值达到1.25×105μg/kg,其主要污染源是化学燃料的燃烧。为中国制备水系沉积物中多环芳烃标准样品积累了技术基础。%Environmental Reference Material is an important approach in the environmental monitoring quality control. China has not yet owned the reference materials of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ( PAHs) in sediments in according to the situation of the main rivers. Eleven local points from these six main rivers were chosen to analyze the samples by GC-MSD method and obtain the original materials in the nature. Throughout the consideration of the effect compare with the room temperature and cooled dry ways,the results show the room temperature dry way has few affected to the compound in the samples. The results show the samples are homogeneous and the compounds detected rates up to 95%,the total concentration of the samples in the river varied from 664-2. 91 × 103 μg/kg dry weight,the highest up to 1. 25 × 105 μg/kg in the lake samples. The main source of the PAHs is burning from fossil fuel. That is a good foundation for the development reference materials of PAHs in sediment.
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