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地球化学

地球化学

北大核心

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Geochimica
本刊为报道基础性研究成果的专业学术刊物。主要报道近代地球化学，特别是其主要分支学科，如同位素地球化学、同位素地质年代学、矿床地球化学、有机地球化学、元素地球化学、环境地球化学、宇宙化学、海洋地球化学、实验地球化学、第四纪地球化学、构造地球化学及岩矿测试等方面的创造性、综合性科研成果和研究简报、书刊简介、会议简讯、最新地质科技信息研究动态和问题讨论等。读者对象为地质专业科技人员以及高校相关专业师生。
  • 发文量：1480
  • 被引量：2475
  • H指数：3
  • 开始收录时间：1972(1)
  • CNKI综合因子：1.151
  • 维普期刊影响因子： 1.13
  • 万方期刊影响因子：0.97
  • 创刊时间：1972
  • 国内刊号/CN：44-1398/P
    国际刊号/ISSN：0379-1726
  • 发行周期：双月刊
    邮发代号：2-813
  • 主管单位：中国科学院
    主办单位：中国科学院广州地球化学研究所 中国矿物岩石地球化学学会
地球化学-联系信息
  • 主编：彭平安
  • 电话：020-85290046 85290703
  • 邮箱：dqhx@gig.ac.cn;dqhx@tom.com
  • 地址：广东省广州市天河区科华街511号
  • 邮编：510640
地球化学-获奖情况
  • • 中国自然科学核心期刊
  • • 2000年中国科学院优秀期刊一等奖
  • • 百种中国杰出学术期刊
  • • 中国科协优秀期刊
  • • 中国期刊方阵“双效”期刊
  • • 中国精品科技期刊
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地球化学 >2023年第5期

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  • 摘要：In this paper, some experimental studies on the forms of existenee and conditions for transport and precipitation of rare earth elements (REE) in sea water have been dealt with. The results show that the ions of REE and carbonate radicles can be combined into quite stable and soluh|e complex in the medium of weak alkalinity. REE precipitation may result from the decomposition of the REE complex during the transformation of the solution from weak alkalinity to neutrality and to weak acidity and in the presence of REE preeipitating agents, such as P, Ba, Ca, and Mg.This is the reason why REE can concentrate in carbonate formations. Experimental results also show that REE will be precipitated .in the form of phosphate or fluocarhanate, if there exist the anions of [PO4]3- and F- in certain quantity in the solution. The experimental results arc consistent with the geologioal characteristics of some REE deposits.
  • 摘要：Spark-source mass spectrometry for quantitative analysis of Apollo-17 lunar rock(70017-291) is described. About 5rag powder lunar rock sample, without any eanduetive material mixed in it, was pressed on the surface of T type electrode. A single exposure was made under the optimum condition After development,the relative sensitivity, coefficients are calculated on the basis of the single exposure by U.S. Geological Survey Standard Rock AGV-1. More than 20 elements be be determined by this technique with a typical precision of ± 20%.
  • 摘要：无
  • 摘要：A method for preparing hydrogen gas in the determination of stable isotope composition of hydrogen in natural water using metal uranium as a reducing agent is described. The isotope fractionation daring the experimental process is discussed in detail The data on δD from some mineral deposits in China are presented as well.
  • 摘要：Komatiites have been discovered for the first time in the Lower Anshan Group with a metamorphic grade from amphibolite to granulite facies. Komatiites occur as bedded ultramafic volcanic rocks on the ocean-floor. The kematiites in the Region occurring in the metamorphic rocks are some monomineralic rocks such as hornblendite, monoclinie augitite and hypersthenite. Local komatiites are found retaining some typical pre-existing structures and textures of volcanic rocks, such as blastophitie texture and blastospinifex. The chemical composition of komatiites in this region is much similar to that of other well-known model komatiites in the world, and so are their geochemical charaeteristies. The occurrence of komatiites in the Anshan-Benxi-Fusun Region provide strong evidence to show that this region is an Archean greenstonc belt. Studies on komatiites in this region will shed much light on the stratigraphic division of the Anshan Groupand the paleostructure of the greenstone belt as well as on the rules governing metallogenesis in the Anshan-Benxi-Fusun Region.
  • 摘要：Iu the afternoon ou March 15, 1979 a Chondrite, 20.5 kg in total weight, fell in the Jilantai People's Commune at Alxa Zuoqi, Nei Monggol (Inner Mongolia), China. In terms of mineralogic identification and chemical analysis this meteorite should be assigned to L-group ordinary chondrites.
  • 摘要：On September 10, 1978, the Lishui ehondrite fell near Lishui County, Jiangsu Province (31°38'N, 118°59″E). The recovered mass was 498g in weight. Chemical analysis gave: SiO2 39.10, FeO 13.64, TiO2 0.112, Al2O3 1.952, CaO 1.691,MgO 25.46, K2O 0.106, Na2O 1.041, P2O5 0.255, MnO 0.325, Cr2O3 0.533, CO3 0.056, Fe 7.488, Ni 1.293, Pb0.008, Zn 0.062, FeS 6.405, HsO+ 0.10, total 99.683. Fifteen minerals identified in the meteorite are chrysolite (Fa 24%), bronzite,hypersthene, kamaeite, taenite, treifite, plagioclase, chromite, whithockite, apatite,calcite, quartz, zircon, magnetite, and hematite. Modal analysis gave: the first 7 minerals totalling 97.89% (olivine 45.36%, pyroxene 27.98%). The texture of chondrite is very complicated. Chondrules may be classified as monasomatic and polysomatic.Ones there is a wide range of textural type in polysomatie chondrules. Chemico-petrological studies have shown that the meteorite belongs to L-greup ehondrites,and petrologically to type 5.
  • 摘要：The following conclusions can be drawn from the work reported in this paper: (1) Determinations were made for uranium on 16 samples by spectrophotometric method. Uranium content in the seabed sediments of the Bohal Gulf ranges from 1.6 to 6.3 ppm, with an average of 4.3 ppm. (2) Statistical data show dose relationship between U concentration:and grainsize. Relatively larger amount of uranium is accumulated in mud than in sand.The bulk of uranium is assumed to be derived from terrestrial: detrital minerals. (3) A positive correlation between U and Fe has been recognized. Similar relation can also be noticed with respect to U and Al. The plot of U concentration against Fe is linear, and can be expressed by the linear regression equation: Y=-0.37 + 1.85 X. The plot of U against Al gives an equation of Y=-2.48+1.01 X.(4)The average U/Corg.ratio for these sediments is 7×10-4,The average ration of U/P,U/Mn,and U/CaCo3 are 100×10-4,50×10-4 and 2×10-4 respectively. (5) Compared with the abundances of other shelf sediments, the average concentrations of U in the area under consideration are close to those in the shelf of Japan, the Cull of Mexico and the Black Sea. Uranium abundance in sediments from the floor of the Bohai Gulf is comparable to that of continental crust but differs from that of deep-sea clay.
  • 摘要：REE. determinations were conducted f or their fractional contents on granitoid rocks in South China, which differ in age, composition and origin by means of chemical-X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and instruments! neutron activation analysis technique. Granites under consideration can be divided into three major categories in terms of normalized REE distribution pattern of ehondrite and δEu value: 1. REE distribution pattern is approximately expressed by a smooth eurve,with unremarkable negative Eu anomaly and δEu value greater than 0.5; 2. REE distribution pattern exhibits a moderately remarkable negative Eu anomaly with δEu value in the range of 0.3---0.4; 3. REE distribution pattern gives a greatly remarkable .negative Eu anomaly,with δEu value being less than 0.2. The granites belonging to the first category are mostly older in age and closely connected with geanitization in origin, those to the second category show a number of evidences for their magmatic origin anti those to the third category are especially distinquishable for their characteristic features of later maginatio differentiation and replacement.
  • 摘要：Laihunite, a mineral of ferric and ferrous iron silicate discovered in China in recent years, occurs in high grade metamorphic BIF coexisting with magnetite, quartz,fayaiite, ferrosilite and almandine. Complete nets based on Sehreinemakers bundles and partial nets with maximum closure after the method described by H. W. Day have been constructed by taking into account the existance of this minertl in order to illustrate phase relations for the (n+3) multisystem in the system of Fe2O3-FeO-SiO2. Judging from Lindsley's experimental data on ferrosilits, laihunite is expected to be stable at pressures probably higher than 15 Kb. Two-pyroxene and olivine-clinopyroxene geothermometere give temperatures of formation between 600--700℃. Free energy of laihunite calcultted according to the method of Chert and estimated values of heat capacity allow oxygen fugacity to be plotted against temperature at different total pressures with respect to a number of univariant reactions in which lailunite is involved. The log fo2 -T diagram demonstrates that to a first approximation the stability flels of laihunite overlaps the upper part of the magnetite field, but its upper limit is a little beyond the hematite-magnetite equilibrium. The three major requirements for laihunite stability, i.e., an unusual high pressure, a temperature in the order of 600--700℃ and a relatively higher oxygen fugacity are mutually, exclusive in common geological environment, which may probably account for the rare occurrence of this mineral in nature. For the BIF in which laihunite occurs, the pressure caused by the weight of overlying strata is not high enough to give rise to its formation even in the extreme case of geothermal gradient.So it is suggested that additional tectonic pressure in response to plate activity might have been involved.
  • 摘要：Polishing is carried out on a rotating rubber disc in this method. Rubber of high quality with good elasticity is required and the rubber disc is grooved for holding polishing abrasives. Rough and fine polishing can be achieved depending on the grain size of abrasives used: The quality of polishing is supperior to that by traditional polishing on felt. Exeellant polished sections can be obtained after very short time of polishing regardless of the physical properties such as hardness and brittleness of a mineral. By choosing su{table abrasive, structure polishing can also be conducted, i.e., the micro-structure will be revealed just by polishing without etching by any chemical agents.
  • 摘要：A new boron-silicon gel ion emitter is developed for lead isotope analysis. As a result, a sensitivity of about 10-7As/μg can be obtained, which permits mass spectrometry to be conducted for lead in the order of 10 nanogram. The mass spectrometry bltnk weight of lead is about 0o2 nanogram. As compared with zirconium-silicon gel the ion beam from lead is more stable.
  • 摘要：A new three-axis spindle stage has. been developed for the direct measurement of 2V and indicatrix orientation determination. Its design is simple and can be manufactured without difficult. The result obtained is reliable and can be checked readily. This spindle stage possesses the advantages over the extinetion curve method, conoseope method-and a number of computational approachs based on one-axis spindle stage of being simpler to operate and of providing more accurate results. One further advantage of this apparatus over the spindle modified by N.N.Roy is such that measurement, can be made over wide range of angle (35°--87°)between optieal axis plane and the needle axis. Measured mineral can be removed for X-ray structural analysis and electron microprobe analysis if necessary. It can also be used as a oneaxis spindle stage or the variable axis spindle stage proposed by H. Villarroal et at.Temperature-variation apparatus can be attached to it for single, and double variable oil immersion methods.
  • 摘要：General charaeteristics of bird'seye structure are discussed and distinctions are proposed between bird'seye structure and a number of other features such as reerystallization, tiny holes resulted from dissolution and suncrack shrinkage. “Bird'seye”commonly found in Southwest China owes their origin to gas bubble, shrinkage and other mechanisms,
  • 摘要：Crystal. habit and morphological peculiarities of synthetic diamond have been studied at various temperatures and. pressures.A diagram has been proposed based on experimental data for different erystal morphology with respect to different P.T conditions, Preliminary discussion has been given to the field of fine diamond crystal growth and a principle is presented for the optimum P-T conditions for fine diamond synthesis.
  • 摘要：(1) Field observation and age frequcnee spectra indicate that Mesozoic granitesin the Nanling region arc of non-orogenic origin and must be divided in aecordance with stratigraphic timescale rather than with geotectonic cycles. (2) Isotopic ages indicate that some batholiths in the axial part of Caledoniar belts belong to Mesozoic granites. However, field observation and laboratory studies show that they were primarily formed during the early Paleozoic era and have been subjected to alteration of various degrees. (3) With regard to intrusions which isotopic ages are older than that defined by stratigraphic evidences, isotopic measurements will provide the true age of formation of the massivea while stratigraphic evidence should be taken as reflection of local regeneration.
  • 摘要：Gongchangling high-grade magnetite ores,which constitute one of the major rich from deposits in China,occur in the BIF .of the Anshan-Group in Precambrian metamorphic rocks.But its origin has long been a controversial problem,although most researchers are in favour of the eoncept that it is genetically related to hydrothermal process connected with migmatite.On the basis of field observation,this problem has been dealt with in this paper in the light of fluid inclusion studies.The results show that hydrothermal activity,was widespread in this region,which can be divided into two stages.The late stage hydrothermal activity was intensively developed around rich iron dposits.The formation temperature of the late stage hydrbthermal fluids is in the range of 487- 505℃,and they are slightly alkaline with a salinity of 13.2-28.1 wt%,consisting mainly of Na+,Ca++,Cl-,So4-,etc.As revetled by temperature measurements,the formation temperatures of fluid inclusions are quite uniform from,place to place within the vast areas in this region,and the comparason of these temperatures between rich ores and migmatite and wall rocks indieates that the late hydrothermal fluids are of metamorphie origin.The authors suggest that the rich magnetite ores in the Gongchangling Range seem to be the result of the reworking process(alteration)by metamorphie hydrothermal fluids in response to regional metamorphism on some sedimentary ore deposits that were originally relatively rich in iron.
  • 摘要：CXL-101 inorganic gas chromatography is eharacterised by its high sensitivity,high speed, small quantity of sample required, less adsorption and reliability of result. It is especially suitable for the determination of H2O and CO2 in fluid inclusions. H2O and CO2 contents in fluid inclusions of 41 samples were measured by this instrument from a number of types of tungsten and quarts deposits, Regular variation has heen found in the content of H2O, i.e., it decreases with decreasing distance toward the parent rock, or with increasing temperature, and vice versa. This regularity may be ascribed to the origin of fluid, distance between parent rock and ore deposit, temperature of form.ation, changes in the way of fluid movement as well Hs the nature of country rocks.
  • 摘要：Endemic fluorine disease is a chronic fluorine poisoning caused by high level of fluorine in drinking water or foods. Incidence of this disease has been knowu in many parts of the world. In China its occurrence has been observed in the Northeast, Northwest, Southwest and some other localities. Investigation shows that it is closely related to geochemical environment: Major fluorine sources in nature include fluorinerich volcanic rocks, calcareous dolomites, phosphorus-bearing rocks/loess and Quarternary loose sediments. Under special conditions fluorine is concentrated in ground water or soil and seeks its way into human body through diet. Areas With high fluorine concentration responsible for the fluorine disease can be classified into four types, depending on characteristics of geochemical environment: (1) Arid and semiarid calcium-rich soda saline areas; (2) Semiarid, alternatively marine-terrestrial strata with a high degree of salinity; (3) Semihumid iron- and aluminum-rich intermediate-acid soils; (4) Localities where fluorine-rich rocks or deposits are developed;and those with high fluorine content as a result of industrial pollution. Based on medical statistics and chemical analyses, of water, soil, food and other related samplcs,this work will provide a scientific baekground for the prevention and control of fluorine disease.
  • 摘要：Several simplified equations are presented for the spindle-calculation method in measuring the refractive indices of minerals. By two (uniaxial) or three (biaxlal)measurements in two different immersion media, the principal indices of refraction of a mineral can be calculated according to the I.R. of immersion media and the oricntational angles of the nonprincipal refractive incices which I. R. are equivalent to that of immersion media. This method will he applicable also for measurements in solid immersion media. Precision of this spindle-calculation method has been discussed. In general, it sprecision can be compared with traditional immersion method. The author suggests that the major factors effecting the precision of this method are birefringence of the determined minerals and errors in measurements. A table is given of permissible deviation angles for extinction position determination.
  • 摘要：LTB-1 pyrrhotite and LTB-2 pyrite have been adopted as the national standards for sulfur isotopic geology in China since Feb.1,1978.These smaples have been measured by reference to the world-wide standard CDT(Troilite),giving values of δ34S of 0.3±0.1‰ and +1.8±0.2‰ for LTB-1 and LTB-2 respectively.
  • 摘要：Procedure is presented for clay coating separation on ancient soft. The sample is first put into water until soil is fully dissociated. Then clay coating with a purity of 98--99% can be obtained following heavy liquid soparation, magnetic separation and other techniques.
  • 23.图版
    摘要：无
  • 摘要：According to the evolution of alkali elements (e.g. K, Na, Li) and the relationship among them in the melt-solution of pegmatitic magma the author has divided the pegmatitic process of the vein No. 3 into three main geochemical stages associated with mineralization, i.v. K-Na, Na-Li and K stages. The above division scheme has been proved to be valid by field geological survey and the laboratory data on ther modynamic analyses. Additionally, .the related thermodynamic analyses are given herein on (1) the albitization of microcline formed at the earliest stage, (2) the hydrolysis of mierocline (greisenization), and (3) the formation and stability of spodumenes.
  • 摘要：Based upon a fairly large body of data available on vanadium in rocks and.minerals from a certain district in China, distribution pattern of vanadium is given in igneous and terrestrial volcanic rocks. Geochemical behaviour and favorable conditions for mineralization of this element are also discussed during different geological processes.
  • 摘要：Studies of the morphology, physical properties and chemical eomposition of cassiterite crystals have shown that the simple crystal form, crystal shape, ratio of crystal length to its width, polychroism and absorptivity, spot colour, penetration twins, polynthetic twins, banded and zonal structures, and trace elements may be used as Wpomorphie features to eharaeterize the cassiterite minerogenetie stage in Lao-Chang mining area.
  • 摘要：Based on the studies of geological history during the Paleozoic time. depoaitional esvironment, the evolution of organisms, the content of organic substances and the distribution of oil-generatlng strata, various indicators concerning oil generation are discussed and. compared in terms of Organic substance composition, the alkane and isopronoid in saturated hydrocarbon, characteristic functional group of the aromatic hydrocarbon and its structure, element composition and free radical concentration in asphaltene as well as carbon isotopes. The following conclusions can be drawn: (1) During the Later Paleozoic, the mud stone of the two oil-generating depressions of the Ponhsi Group on the western part of the basin was the most important reservoir and the black mud stone and limestone were secondary in importance. (2) Both the Ordovicoan Machiakou limestone and the shale of grapholithic facies are main oil (gas) generating strata in the western part of the basin. The Changhsia Group of the middle Cambrian system may also be oil-generatlng but is of little consequence. (3) Oil and gas formation in the Upper and. Lower Paleozoic groups represent two. different evolutionary stages. In the Upper Paleozoic group the petroleum formed is a kind of light oil, and large quantities of natural gas had been formed from the coal-bearing Taiyuan and Shansi Groups as a result of metamorphism. In response to the action of temperature and. presses over the prolonged geological period, oil sad gas formation in the lower Paleozoie group corresponds to a more advanced evolutionary stage, during which the generation of natural gas is the dominant process in comparation with oil condensation. Therefore the lower Paleozoic group is believed to be more promising for gas prospecting.
  • 摘要：贵州省晴隆锑矿，近几年在坑道掘进中，连续发现了几十巨大的后生晶洞。一种叫“矿花洞”；一种是石膏晶洞。洞中方解石或石膏晶簇琳瑯满目，异采多姿，奇“花”异石，装饰其间。构成一幅幅壮丽的大自然最观。
  • 29.图版
    摘要：无
  • 摘要：The Xizang Plateau, with a common altitude of more than 4000 m sbove sea level,has long been celebrated as “The Roof of the World”. In order to study oxygen isotopic composition of meteoric water in the Xizang Plateau Region and its relationship with the attitude, we made an investigation tour to the Xizang Plateau, starting from Guizhow, during 1979 from July to October, and 79 meteoric Water samples were collected, including brook, well, lake, snow, firn, spring and running waters, at different altitudes. Oxygen isotope analyses indicate that the isotopie composition of meteoric water in the areas more than 4000g and in the western parts of SichuanGaizhow shows remarkable altitude effect. There is a negative correlation between δ28O and altitude, which is reflected by --δ18O = 0.0026H+7.75. The average δ18O value for metcoric water in the areas: more than 4000m above sea level turns out to be --18.15‰ is evident that δ18O value for lake water on the plateau is related to its water supply. δ18O value for lake water, in which the evaporation is greater than supply,is approximately three or four times higher than that of supplied water, averaging -5.74‰. Oxygen isotopic compasition of geothermal water can be compared with that of local meteoric water, but shows certain δ18O-shift, suggesting that the main water-supply source seems to be meteoric water in the same area.

    地球化学的期刊信息

    • 创刊时间：1972
    • 地区：CN
    • 语言：中文
    • 热门主题：中国科学院广州地球化学研究所;中国矿物岩石地球化学学会
    • 学科分类： 地质学;

    地球化学的获奖情况

    • • 中国自然科学核心期刊
    • • 2000年中国科学院优秀期刊一等奖
    • • 百种中国杰出学术期刊
    • • 中国科协优秀期刊
    • • 中国期刊方阵“双效”期刊
    • • 中国精品科技期刊

    地球化学的收录情况

    • • 北大核心期刊（1992版）
    • • 北大核心期刊（1996版）
    • • 北大核心期刊（2000版）
    • • 北大核心期刊（2004版）
    • • 北大核心期刊（2008版）
    • • 北大核心期刊（2014版）
    • • 北大核心期刊（2017版）
    • • 化学文摘（网络版）
    • • 中国科学引文数据库（2011-2012）
    • • 中国科学引文数据库（2013-2014）
    • • 中国科学引文数据库（2015-2016）
    • • 中国科学引文数据库（2017-2018）
    • • 中国科学引文数据库（2019-2020）
    • • 日本科学技术振兴机构数据库
    • • 中国科技核心期刊

    地球化学的投稿信息

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    • 邮编：510640
    • 联系电话：020-85290046 85290703
    • 邮箱：dqhx@gig.ac.cn;dqhx@tom.com
    • 期刊栏目：地球化学
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