The Theil index,which was improved and perfected appropriately,was applied to analysis the regional differences of water pollutant emission intensity.Analysed on the general characteristics of water pollutant emission intensity in China's 31 regions(excluding Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan)in 2006-2013,and studied on the regional difference based on the Theil index.The results showed that the general difference,regional difference and internal-re-gion difference of COD and ammonia nitrogen emission intensity were gradually narrowing,and the regional difference was the leading factor.Because of the influence of agricultural source,the contribution rate order of COD emission in-tensity to internal-region difference in different areas showed obvious stages:western area>eastern area>central area in 2006-2010.However,it was changed to eastern area>central area> western area in 2011-2013.The contribution rate order of ammonia nitrogen emission intensity to internal-region difference in different areas was eastern area >western area>central area.Further probing revealed that the water pollutant emission intensity tendency was positive correlation with the Theil index.Finally,the cause of the water pollutant emission regional difference was studied.It showed that the main factors included the total emission control of water pollution,optimization and upgrading of in-dustrial structure,regional economic development and regional coordinating mechanism.For different regions in Chi-na,it had reference meaning for responding to"Action plan for prevention and treatment of water pollution"and de-veloping targeted solutions.%通过对 Theil指数进行适当改进和完善,将其转嫁应用于不同区域水污染物排放强度差异的分析.研究中国31个地区(不含港澳台地区)2006—2013年水污染物排放强度特征,并基于 Theil指数分析区域差异.结果显示,中国水污染物 COD 和氨氮排放强度总体差异、区域间差异和区域内差异均呈现逐渐缩小趋势,其中区域间差异占主导地位.由于农业源影响,COD 排放强度差异对区域内差异的贡献率呈现阶段性,2006—2010年为西部> 东部> 中部,2011—2013年为东部> 中部> 西部;氨氮排放强度差异对区域内差异的贡献率表现为东部> 西部> 中部.进一步探索水污染物排放强度变化趋势与其差异指数之间的关系发现,水污染物排放强度与其相应的差异指数呈现正相关性.最后探讨了水污染物排放强度区域差异成因,表明水污染物总量控制、产业结构优化升级、区域经济发展和区域协调机制是主要因素.此研究对于中国不同地区响应《水污染防治行动计划》、制定有针对性的方案具有借鉴意义.
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