利用昆山市气象观测站1981～2010年地面气象观测资料对昆山地区灰霾天气的气候特征、气象条件等进行了分析,并讨论了灰霾和酸雨的相关关系.结果表明,30年来昆山灰霾总体呈现上升趋势,尤其是进入21世纪后；灰霾在冬季(12月)最多,夏季(9月)最少；2005年以前灰霾持续时间较短,而2006年后,灰霾持续时间迅速增加；静小风时污染物不易扩散因而有利于灰霾的形成；灰霾对日照有削弱作用:酸雨与灰霾呈现同样的季节分布特征,当出现灰霾时,大气层结稳定,酸性载体物(SO2、NOx等)浓度会成倍增长,导致出现酸雨的可能性增多.%Climate characteristics and meteorological condition of haze in Kunshan city are first summarized based on the surface meteorological observation data during 1981 to 2010, meanwhile the correlation of haze and acid rain is discussed. Results show that the haze days in Kunshan city are in rising trend in the mass, especially in 21 century. The haze occurs mostly in winter(Dec), and few in summer(Sep). The duration of haze is short before 2005, since 2006, it grows longer fastly. Pollutants can hardly diffused in quiet wind,which will cause haze easier and will weaken the sunlights obviously. The season characteristics of acid rain and haze are similar, when haze occurs, atmospheric layer is stationary, the concentration of acid carriers(such as SO2、 Nox) will grow exponentially and will increase the happening of acid rain.
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