目的:了解阿奇霉素致药品不良反应 (adverse drug reaction, ADR) 发生的相关因素, 以减少或避免ADR的发生.方法:对2012—2017年河南中医药大学第一附属医院上报国家ADR监测网的138例阿奇霉素致ADR报告进行统计分析.结果:138例阿奇霉素致ADR报告中, 0～12岁幼儿所占比例较高 (107例, 占77.54％);给药途径以静脉滴注给药为主 (136例, 占98.55％);用药原因以呼吸系统疾病为主 (116例, 占84.06％).ADR共累及器官和 (或) 系统157例次, 以胃肠道损害 (79例次, 占50.32％) 、皮肤及其附件损害 (44例次, 占28.03％) 为主.ADR发生后的处理措施主要为停药及减慢滴注速度, 患者基本痊愈或好转.结论:应合理用药, 注意滴注速度, 加强用药监测, 以避免或减少ADR的发生, 保证患者用药安全.%OBJECTIVE: To investigate the elated factors of occurrence of adverse drug reactions (ADR) induced by azithromycin, so as to reduce or avoid the occurrence of ADR. METHODS: Statistical analysis was conducted on reports of 138 ADR induced by azithromycin reported by the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from 2012 to 2017. RESULTS: Of the 138 ADR cases, children aged 0 to 12 years took a relatively high proportion (107 cases, 77.54％). The main route of administration was intravenous drip (136 cases, 98.55％). Respiratory diseases were the main cause of medication (116 cases, 84.06％). A total of 157 case-times of ADR were involved in organs and (or) systems, mainly for gastrointestinal damage (79 case-times, 50.32％), skin and its attachment damage (44 case-times, 28.03％). The post-treatment measures for adverse reactions were mainly discontinuation of drugs and deceleration of drip rate, and the patients with adverse drug reactions were basically cured or improved. CONCLUSIONS: It is necessary to conduct rational drug use, pay more attention to the rate of infusion, strengthen the drug monitoring to reduce the incidence of adverse drug reactions and ensure the drug use safety of patients.
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