With increasing application,lithium and lithium-ion batteries show hazards during usage,storage, disposal and waste.To evaluate the thermal stability of lithium and lithium-ion batteries,their electrolytes were assessed by Chemical Thermodynamic and Energy Release(CHETAH)and measured by a Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC), since they sometimes caused fires and accidents.Moreover,thermal reactivity of lithium,silver oxide and alkaline batteries were analyzed by using a modified closed pressure vessel test (MCPVT).As a result,lithium battery is more hazardous than the other batteries.The sensitiveness to mechanical stimuli,such as a fall hammer,of lithium battery was also much higher than other batteries.The explosive power,which was evaluated by a ballistic mortar,of lithium coin battery was higher than those of other batteries.%随着锂和锂离子电池应用的不断增加，在其使用、储存、处理和废弃过程中也呈现出越来越多的危险性。锂和锂离子电池的电解质是可燃物质，会引起火灾，其热稳定性分别由CHETAH和DSC评估和测定。另外，锂电池、氧化银电池和碱性电池的热稳定性通过在一个改性的密闭压力容器中测定（MCPVT）。结果表明锂电池比其它电池的危险性更大。锂电池对力学冲击（如落锤试验）的敏感度高于其它电池。其爆炸威力（如对弹道冲击）也高于其它电池。
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