分析宁夏产芜菁块根及茎叶中挥发油的化学成分，指导公众科学合理的利用天然药食两用的食品。采用挥发油提取器，提取芜菁块根及茎叶中的挥发油，利用保留指数结合GC-MS谱库检索的方法，鉴定芜菁块根及茎叶中挥发油的化学成分。芜菁块根中挥发油分离出48个组分，MS结合保留指数鉴定了其中45个组分，其中含量较多的为十八碳烷（5.33%）、n-棕榈酸（5.29%）、2，3-丁烷二醇二醋酸（5.21%）、乙酸丁酯（4.39%）；茎叶中分离出35个组分，鉴定了31个组分，含量较多的为α-水芹烯（7.63%），2，2-甲基丙酰胺（6.80%），3-乙酰基-2-丁酮（6.58%），乙酸丁酯（6.04%）。芜菁挥发性成分中含有较多的功效成分，为进一步开发宁夏芜菁提供理论依据。保留指数结合GC-MS法对芜菁挥发性成份分析，可明显提高其鉴定的准确性。%To analyze the volatile components from roots and leafs in Brassica rapa,the essential oil of Brassica rapa was extracted by volatile oil extractor .The volatile components were analyzed by GC-MS and kovats index. 48 compounds in roots were detected by GC-MS and 45 compounds were identified by MS combined with Ko vats retention index, the main components were octadecane(5.33%), n-pentadecanecarboxylic acid(5.29%), 2,3-butanedioldiacetate(5.21%),butyl acetate(4.39%). 35 components were detected in leafs and 31 com-pounds were identified, the main components wereρ-mentha-1,5-diene (7.63 %), 2,2-dimethoxypropi-onamide(6.80%), 3-acetoxy-2-butanone(6.58%), butyl acetate(6.04%). The result provided a scientific basis for understanding the constituents of volatile oil and furthered exploitation of Brassica rapa. The combina-tion of GC-MS and Kovats index can improve the qualitative accuracy of volatile components.
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