High performance gel filtration chromatography (GFC) and differential refraction detection were used to carry out the molecular weight and quantitive analysis on polysaccharide in the fruiting body of Hericium erinaceus and oral liquid prepared from Hericium erinaceus. A standard calibration curve was first established with different molecular weight dextran and determination of Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide molecular weight and its molecular weight distribution were performed. The retention time was used as the standard and the peak area external standard method was used to determine the content of polysaccharides of Hericium erinaceus. The results showed that polysaccharide of Hericium erinaceus fruiting body and Hericium erinaceus oral liquid had molecular weight 16 000 Da to 17 000 Da, and wide D distribution from 1.05 to 1.07. Polysaccharide con-tent of the average was 0.66%in Hericium erinaceus fruiting body and 37.1 mg/100 mL in oral liquid. The vali-dation of the method meets the basic requirements.%利用高效凝胶过滤色谱法（GFC），示差折光检测猴头菇子实体和猴头菇口服液中的猴头菇多糖的分子量和含量。通过建立不同分子量的葡聚糖标准品校正曲线，测定了猴头菇多糖的分子量和分子量分布；以保留时间与猴头菇多糖最接近的葡聚糖作为标准品，利用峰面积外标法定量测定猴头菇多糖的含量。结果表明，猴头菇子实体和猴头菇口服液多糖数均分子量Mn均为1.6×104 Da，重均分子量Mw均为1.7×104 Da，分布宽D值在1.05～1.07范围，重复良好。猴头菇子实体多糖含量为0.66%，猴头菇口服液多糖含量为37.1 mg/100 mL，方法学验证基本符合要求。
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