With the increase in environmental uncertainty, organizational inertia has increasingly become a hot topic in organizational theory research. However, there are obvious differences in the understanding of organizational inertia in the academia. Through a literature review, this paper finds that the different logical starting points from different perspectives and the complexity of organizational inertia are the main reasons leading to differences in the research of organizational inertia. Based on the systematic examination method, this paper selects 79 English articles and 24 Chinese articles after collecting domestic and foreign literature of organizational inertia in the last forty years. It takes the two perspectives of environmental selection and organizational adaptation and their integration as the main clue, systematically reviews the conceptual composition, measurement, antecedents and consequences of organizational inertia, and finally points out the shortcomings of the existing research and future research directions. It systematically reviews organizational inertia research for the first time at home and abroad, and provides the basis for further development of theoretical and empirical research.%随着环境不确定性的增加，组织惰性日益成为组织理论研究的热点问题，然而学术界对组织惰性的理解存在明显分歧。通过文献梳理发现，不同视角对组织惰性研究的逻辑起点不同以及组织惰性本身的复杂性是导致分歧的主要原因。基于系统性审查方法，搜集整理近40年来国内外组织惰性研究文献后，本文选取79篇英文文献和24篇中文文献，以环境选择和组织适应两类视角及其融合为主线，对组织惰性的概念构成与测量、前因和后果等方面进行了系统地梳理与述评，最后指出现有研究存在的不足和未来的研究方向。本文对组织惰性研究成果进行系统性梳理在国内外尚属首次，可为推动理论与实证研究的深入展开提供依据。
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