School of Geography and Tourism;
Qufu Normal University;
Rizhao;
276826;
China;
Rizhao Key Laboratory of Territory Spatial Planning and Ecological Construction;
Rizhao;
276826;
China;
Department of Geography;
Dartmouth College;
Hanover;
NH;
03755;
USA;
State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology;
Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography;
Chinese Academy of Sciences;
Urumqi;
830011;
China;
precipitation; mountainous areas; runoff; TRMM; arid region of northwestern China;