Objective To evaluate the applicability of Conjunctival impression cytology (CIC) in the diagno-sis of dry eye. Methods A total of 180 patients with dry eye in our hospital from Jan. 2011 to Jun. 2013 were as-signed into observation group and another 180 healthy physical examinees were selected as control group. Both groups were tested by CIC in addition to Schirmer Test (S-I-T), Tear Break-Up Time (BUT), and Corneal Fluorescein Staining (FLS). And then the results were compared. Results There was a significantly difference in indexes of S-I-T, BUT, FLS and CIC between the observation group and the control group (P<0.01). The number of goblet cells in the observation group was less than that in the control group (P<0.01). Furthermore, the number of goblet cells of the mild, moderate and severe patients in the observation group were all less than those in the control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The controls were mostly graded to 0 or 1 revealed by CIC, while patients in the observation group were graded as 1, 2 or 3 with the same method. In the observation group, mild and moderate patients were revealed to be grade 1 or grade 2, while severe patients were grade 3. There was a significant difference in CIC grade between the ob-servation group and the control group (P<0.01). The CIC Grades of mild, moderate, and severe patients in the observa-tion group were all significantly different from those in the control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion CIC grad-ing and goblet cell density can be used to distinguish dry eye patients and track the progression of dry eye as well.%目的：探讨结膜印迹细胞学检查(CIC)在干眼症诊断中的作用。方法选择2011年1月至2013年6在我院就诊的干眼症患者180例为观察组，按干眼症的分级，轻度65例，中度58例，重度57例；另选择180例健康者作为对照组。所有研究对象均进行泪液分泌实验(S-I-T)、泪膜破裂时间(BUT)、荧光素染色(FLS)检查；同时重点进行CIC检查。结果 S-I-T、BUT、FLS检查指标结果，观察组与对照组差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。观察组杯状细胞数量明显少于对照组(P<0.01)；观察组轻、中、重度患者的杯状细胞数均少于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。对照组CIC分级主要集中于0级和1级；干眼症患者则多集中于1、2、3级；其中轻、中度多集中于1、2级，重度主要为3级。观察组与对照组CIC分级有明显不同，差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组轻、中、重度患者CIC分级分别与对照组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论 CIC检查能够反映泪膜黏液层的病理变化情况，可用于区分正常人与干眼症患者并可了解干眼的病程变化。
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