Objective To understand the mortality pattern and the related risk factors resulting in pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB).Method A historical cohort study was conducted to survey 4747 patients of PTB.The Cox proportional hazards model was used to analyse the related risk factors .Findings A total of 98 patients of PTB died and the time observed was 3181.40 person-year.The mortality of the PTB cases was 3.08 per 100 person-year.Of the 98 PTB, 21 died of TB and the mortality due to TB was 0.66 per 100 person-year.77 died from other causes and the mortality due to other causes was 2. 42 per 100 person-year.The mean and median of the survival time was 82 days and 66 days, respectively.The Cox proportional hazards model demonstrated that older age , smear-positive PTB and history of previous treatment were associated with the mortality due to PTB .Conclusion The mortality was relatively low in the area surveyed while problems of diagnosis delay and treatment delay should be addressed .Early diagnosis and treatment should be emphasized on aged , smear-positive PTB and PTB patients who have history of previous treatment .%目的：了解肺结核病人死亡情况及其影响因素，为开展相应的干预措施提供依据。方法采用历史性队列研究方法，调查2001—2012年舟山市登记治疗的4747名肺结核患者。采用Cox回归风险比例模型对死亡转归的影响因素进行统计分析。结果4747名研究对象中，共有98人治疗转归结果为死亡，观察总时间为3181．40人年，总死亡率为3．08／100人年。其中结核死亡患者21人，结核死亡率为0．66／100人年；非结核死亡患者77人，非结核死亡率为2．42／100人年。98名死亡患者从确诊到死亡的生存时间的平均数和中位数分别为82天和66天。多因素分析显示，肺结核死亡率的高危因素为高龄、涂阳患者和复治患者（均P＜0．05）。结论本地区肺结核病人的死亡率总体处于较低水平，但存在就诊延误的情况，应重点加强对年龄大、涂阳患者和复治患者的早发现和规范治疗。
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