This article has rationally solved the problem of galaxy formation and some cosmological puzzles. Firstly the appropriate form of invariant interval of static gravitational field of spherical symmetry is given in background coordinates,then Einstein’s equation of gravitational field is modified,the basis of general relativity is consolidated further. Both time and space are proved to be infinite,and universal matter density is proved not to change in the course of evolution. The horizon puzzle,flatness puzzle,dark matter and dark energy puzzle are eliminated automa-tically in the new amendment. The expansion and compression of universe are proved to be in circles. It is proved that new matter produces continuously in the place that old matter exists,and a new mechanism of galaxy and celestial body formation is set up.% 在广义相对论的框架里解决星系和天体的形成问题。这里首先给出背景坐标系中静态球对称引力场的不变间隔形式，接着对爱因斯坦引力场方程进行了必要的修改，从而完善巩固和发展了广义相对论及其引力理论。证明了宇宙不但在空间上是无限的而且在时间上也是无限的，证明了宇宙的膨胀和收缩循环往复，从最近一轮膨胀开始至今的时间计算为137亿年，与宇宙年龄的观测值相符。自然地消除了平坦性疑难，视界疑难，暗物质暗能量疑难，磁单极疑难，以及正反物质不对称等疑难问题，使现代宇宙学理论与物理学的其他部分达到高度的自洽。导出的新的距离红移关系与观测结果高度地一致，同时证明了星系和天体随着宇宙的膨胀而增大，新物质在老物质处连续地生成，宇宙的物质密度和压强始终保持不变，大爆炸奇点不存在，建立了天体和星系形成的更加合理的新机制。
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