Based on the critical temperature difference of ceramic materials, the critical heat dissipation power of gyrotron windows of different materials has been studied. Different heating modes in the windows caused by electromagnetic wave of different modes, such as TE0] , TE,, and TE02 , have been analyzed respectively. The heat power dissipation capabilities have been compared among alumina window, beryllia window, boron nitride window and sapphire window. In addition, as the thickness of window changes, the variations of critical heat dissipation power of windows of different materials have been analyzed and verified. The study shows that sapphire window and beryllia window, especially the former, exhibit better heat power dissipation capability; less heat is dissipated by alumina window and boron nitride window; as the window thickens, the heat power dissipation capabilities of the four windows improve, especially obvious for sapphire window and beryllia window.%从陶瓷介质材料的临界温度差出发,研究了不同材料的回旋管输出窗的临界热耗散功率.针对TE01,TE11和TE02模式的电磁波通过窗片时发生的不同加热模式进行分析,比较了氧化铝窗片、氧化铍窗片、氮化硼窗片和蓝宝石窗片的热功率承受能力.另外,研究了窗片厚度变化时,不同材料窗片的临界热耗散功率的变化情况.研究表明:蓝宝石和氧化铍窗片表现出较好的热功率耗散能力,其中以蓝宝石窗片最为出色；氧化铝和氮化硼窗片的热功率耗散能力相对较弱；随着窗片厚度的增加,4种材料的临界热耗散功率均有不同程度的变大,其中以蓝宝石和氧化铍窗片更为明显.
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