Fermentation medium and cultural conditions were optimized for the production of carotenoids by Rhodobacter sphaeroides 3757 . The results showed that the optimized fermentation medium contained (%):glucose 2 . 0 ,sodium malate 0. 5,yeast extract 1. 3,ammonium sulfate 0. 9,K2 HPO4 0. 09,KH2 PO4 0. 06,vitamin solution 1% and pH 8. 0. The vitamin solution contained (%):VB1 0. 1,nicotinamide (VPP)0. 1,and biotin 0. 0016. After inoculated with 5%of a 24-h-old inoculum culture and incubated at 32 ℃ for 40 h at 200 r/min,the yield of carotenoids was increased by 76. 2% in contrast with that of its initial fermentation conditions.%本文对类球红细菌3757产类胡萝卜素进行了发酵条件优化，结果得到了较优的培养基组成：葡萄糖2％，苹果酸钠0．5％，酵母浸粉1．3％，硫酸铵0．9％，磷酸氢二钾0．09％，磷酸二氢钾0 ．06％，生长因子溶液1％，pH 8 ．0；其中，生长因子溶液配方：维生素 B10．1％，烟酰胺（VPP ）0．1％，生物素0．0016％。较优培养条件为：接种量5％，转速200 r／min，种龄24 h，发酵温度32℃，发酵时间40 h。优化后类胡萝卜素产率较优化前提高了76．2％。
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