AIM: To analyze the functions of dendritic cells ( DC ) from peripheral blood in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with diabetic retinopathy ( DR ) , and investigate the role of DC in the pathogenesis of DR. METHODS:The subjects were divided into simple T2DM group, T2DM with DR group and normal control group. Flow cytometry was used to analyze classification and number of DC in peripheral blood, and ELISA was used to detect the level of Interleukin -12 (IL-12). RESULTS:Compared with the simple T2DM and normal control groups, the number and percentage of myeloid dendritic cells ( mDC ) in peripheral blood increased significantly in T2DM with DR group ( P0.05 ) . CONCLUSION: Drift of the mDC/pDC subtype causes Th1/Th2 immune function disorders and promotes the immune inflammatory reaction, which may play an important role in the occurrence and development of DR.%目的：观察糖尿病视网膜病变（ diabetic retinopathy ，DR）患者外周血树突状细胞（ dendritic cells ，DC）数量和功能的变化，探讨DC在DR发病中的作用及其机制。方法：将受试者分为单纯2型糖尿病（ Type 2 diabetes mellitus，T2DM）组、T2DM合并 DR组以及正常对照组。流式细胞仪检测外周血DC细胞分类及数量，ELISA法检测白介素-12（ IL-12）水平。结果：与单纯T2DM组和正常对照组相比，T2DM合并DR组外周血中髓样树突状细胞（ myeloid dendritic cells ，mDC）绝对数以及占单个核细胞的百分比显著上升（P＜0．05），血浆中IL-12含量显著升高， mDC培养上清中IL-12含量与单个mDC的IL-12分泌量显著降低（ P＜0．05）；而各组浆细胞样外周血树突状细胞（ plasmacytoid dendritic cells，pDC）绝对数以及占单个核细胞的百分比无显著性差别（P＞0．05）。结论：mDC/pDC 亚型漂移引起Th1/Th2免疫功能失调， mDC特性和功能异常启动免疫炎症反应可能在DR的发生发展中产生了重要作用。
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