Department of Orthopaedics Shandong Hospital of People’s Liberation Army 89th Hy Weifang Shandong Province Republic of China;
Department of Spine Surgery Central Hospital Zibo Zhangdian Shandong Province China;
Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Dongying Hekou Shandong Province China;
Qilu Hospital Shandong University Shandong China;
Department of Orthopedics People’s Hospital of Yan’an Qilipu Street Yan’an Baota Shaanxi Province China;
Additive manufacturing; biomodeling; rapid prototyping; spine deformity; complex spine surgery;