目的 分析磷酸可待因成瘾患者的临床资料及护理效果.方法 对60例磷酸可待因成瘾患者按医嘱进行治疗并落实临床护理措施,于治疗前、治疗2周后、出院时评定抑郁自评量表(SDS)和焦虑自评量表(SAS),与全国常模比较其治疗护理效果,并评估治疗4周后疗效.结果 60例患者中,男性占88.3％,以(20.3±6.4)岁的青少年为主,未婚占91.7％,学生占61.7％;服食地点以娱乐场所(36.7％)和网吧(28.3％)为主.患者有明显的抑郁和焦虑症状,SDS和SAS总分均显著高于全国常模(P＜0.01);治疗2周后和出院时的SDS、SAS总分均显著低于治疗前(P＜0.01).干预前,患者精神症状的发生率为11.7％ ～ 81.7％,躯体症状或戒断症状的发生率为6.7％ ～ 75.0％,治疗2周后和出院时均显著低于治疗前(P＜0.01或0.05).平均住院时间(28.7±5.3)天,出院疗效较好,临床治愈率达61.7％.结论 必须关注青少年的心身健康,使其远离毒品,早期发现,早期干预.%Objective To analyze the clinical data and nursing effects in 60 patients with phosphate codeine habituation.Methods 60 patients with phosphate codeine habituation were treated and nursed as doctors's orders and nursing measures.The self-rating depression scale (SDS) and self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) were rated before treatment and 2 weeks after treatment and at discharged time,and compared with the norms about treatment and nursing effects.The four weeks' efficacy was evaluated.Results Of 60 subjects,most were male (88.3％),youngsters [aged as (20.3 ± 6.4)years],single(91.7％)and students(61.7％).The sites of taking drug were recreation room (36.7％) and network bar (28.3％).They had depression and anxiety symptoms.The total scores of SDS and SAS showed significantly higher in phosphate codeine habituation patients than those in the norms (P ＜ 0.01).After treating and nursing interventions,patients with phosphate codeine habituation showed more decrease than before(P＜ 0.01).Before intervention,there was higher incidence of psychosis symptoms (11.7％-81.7％) and soma or withdrawal symptoms (6.7％-75.0％).After 2 weeks' treating and nursing interventions or at discharged time from hospital,they showed significantly more decrease than before (P＜0.05or 0.01).The mean hospitalized time was (28.7 ± 5.3) days.The clinical cure rate was 61.7％.Conclusion Psychological and physical health must be enhanced in youngsters to make them far away from narcotic drugs,with early discovery and early interventions.
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