目的：研究上消化道出血的病因构成及相关危险因素。方法：对收治的2011例上消化道出血住院患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果：本地区上消化道出血患者男性多于女性，男女比例3.03：1，主要病因依次为十二指肠溃疡、食管胃底静脉曲张、胃溃疡、急性胃黏膜病变和上消化道肿瘤。死亡人数117例（5.8%），死于上消化道出血39例（1.7%）。消化道肿瘤比例较其他地方偏低。常见的年龄为中年组，其次是青年组，最少的为老年组；常见于冬季、春季，而夏季、秋季较少；主要诱因有熬夜、饮酒、不规律饮食、非甾体药物及严重基础疾病。结论：本地区上消化道出血的主要病因为十二指肠溃疡、食管胃底静脉曲张、胃溃疡、急性胃黏膜病变和上消化道肿瘤，消化道肿瘤较国内其他地方偏低，上消化道出血的病因构成与年龄、性别、季节、生活习惯（饮食不规律、熬夜）及非甾体类药物等因素相关。%Objective To investigate the etiology and related factors of acute upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Method The clinical data of 2011 inpatients with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage admitted in Longgang Central Hospital of Shenzhen were retrospectively analyzed. Results The male patients were more than female patients. The ratio of male and female patients was 3. 03: 1. The main causes of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage were duodenal ulcer(DU),esophageal varices(EGV),gastric ul-cer(GU),acute gastric mucosal lesion(AGML)and upper digestive tract tumor in our region. 117(5. 8% )patients died,and 39(1. 7% )patients died of hemorrhage. The incidence of upper digestive tract tumor was lower in our region than that in other places. The common age of upper gastrointestinal tract hemorrhage was middle - aged group,the second was young - aged group, and the least was the elderly - aged group. Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage often occurred in winter and spring. The main in-ducements were staying up late,drinking alcohol,irregular diet,non steroidal drugs and serious basic diseases. Conclusion The main causes of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage are DU,EGV,GU,AGML. The gastrointestinal tumor is relatively lower than other places. The inducements of upper gastrointestinal bleeding may be related to age,gender,seasons,living habits,NSAIDs and other related factors.
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