[目的]优化苦参叶生物总碱的提取工艺,并测定其所含的生物碱含量.[方法]采用紫外分光光度法进行单因素试验和正交试验,考察乙醇体积分数、料液比、提取温度、提取时间、提取次数对苦参叶总生物碱含量的影响,并采用高效液相色谱法对生物碱含量进行测定.[结果]苦参叶生物总碱的最优提取工艺为:料液比1∶25,90℃水浴,80％乙醇,回流提取1次,提取时间2h;苦参叶中苦参碱、槐定碱、氧化苦参碱含量较高.[结论]紫外分光光度法的生物总碱提取率高,稳定性、重现性好;苦参叶含有5种指标性成分,其中苦参碱和氧化苦参碱的含量总和符合药典规定含量,叶的潜在应用价值大,为苦参叶的研发提供理论依据.%[Objective] The research aimed to optimize the extraction process of total alkaloids from Sophoraflavescens leaves and determine the alkaloid content.[Method] The single factor test and orthogonal test were carried out by UV spectrophotometry,the optimum conditions of the extraction of total alkaloids from Sophora flavescens leaves were studied by ethanol volume fraction,solid-liquid ratio,extraction temperature,extraction time and extraction times.And the content of alkaloids was determined by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).[Result]The optimal extraction process of total alkaloids from Sophora flavescens leaves was as follows:solid-liquid ratio was 1∶25,90 ℃C water bath,80％ ethanol,reflux extraction one time,extraction time 2 h.The contents of matrine,sophoridine,oxymatrine were relatively high in Sophoraflavescens leaves.[Conclusion] UV spectrophotometric method has stability,reproducibility and higher extraction ratio.Sophora flavescens leaves contain five kinds of indicator components,in which the total content of matrine and oxymatrine meets the requirements of pharmacopoeia.The potential application of the leaves is great,which provides the theoretical basis for the development of Sophora flavescens leaves.
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