Objective] To explore the optimal fertilization scheme for sorghum in central Shanxi Province.[Methods] Randomized block design was adopted and different fertilization levels were arranged .[ Results] Balanced fertilization exerted significant positive effect on yield and benefit of sorghum.In comparison, farmers’ conventional fertilization treatment suffered yield drop for 6.3% and income reduction of 376.05 yuan/hm2 .Nitrogen fertilizer was the major restricting factor influencing yield of local sorghum , followed by phosphorus and potash fertilizer . Balanced fertilization is favorable for uniform absorption of nutrients .Compared with conventional fertilization treatment , the recommended treat-ment of N, P and K fertilizer increased about 17.52, 3.68, and 32.46 kg/hm2 .225.00 kg/hm2 nitrogen fertilizer basically could meet demands of high yield of local sorghum, 75.00 kg/hm2 phosphorus fertilizer input was higher than the demand, while the potash fertilizer application was not sufficient.The utilization efficiency of N, P, and K fertilizer was 25.0%, 16.4% and 55.8%respectively.[Conclusions] It is required to increase the application of K fertilizer on the basis of recommended application , reduce P fertilizer, and promote optimization of fertilization and reach the objective of high yield and benefit.%[目的]探寻适合山西省中部高粱生产的最佳施肥方案。[方法]采用随机区组设计，设置不同施肥水平，研究平衡施肥对高粱产量、效益及养分收支平衡的影响。[结果]平衡施肥对高粱产量和效益有明显的正效应。农民习惯施肥处理较推荐施肥处理减产6.3％，收入减少376．05元／hm2。氮肥是影响当地高粱高产的主要限制因子，其次为磷肥和钾肥。平衡施肥有利于高粱植株对养分的均衡吸收，与农民习惯施肥处理相比，推荐施肥处理的高粱氮、磷、钾吸收量平均增加了17．52、3．68、32．46 kg／hm2。225.00 kg／hm2的氮肥投入量基本能满足当地高粱高产的需求，75．00 kg／hm2的磷肥投入量高于需求量，而钾肥用量不足。氮、磷、钾肥利用率分别为25．0％、16．3％和55.8％。[结论]从土壤养分收支平衡及肥料利用率方面考虑，应该在推荐施肥处理基础上适当提高钾肥用量，减少磷肥用量，促使施肥方案不断优化，达到高粱的高产、高效目的。
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