[目的]研究黄河河口湿地植被分布及其与环境因子关系.[方法]结合黄河三角洲实际,根据2009～2010年黄河三角洲国家级自然保护区植物样地调查和相关环境因子监测分析的数据,分析了温带地区河口湿地植物群落数量特征的变化及其与环境因子的关系.[结果]黄河三角洲区域中很少有地带性植被,植被种类分布受环境的影响明显.植被结构来看,潮上带群落的垂直结构可分为乔木层、灌木层与草本层,草本植物的重要值远大于灌木和乔木,在潮间带,群落的垂直结构仅为灌木层与草本层2层结构;多样性方面来看,潮上带的物种多样性高于潮间带.主成分分析发现,所选出第一主成分能较好地反映研究区的盐分信息,第二主成分能代表养分信息.回归分析表明,各样地中柽柳的重要值与全盐和电导率呈现正相关的关系,即随着全盐和电导率的升高而升高,而多样性指数则随着全盐和电导率的升高而降低.[结论]该研究为植被生态保护和区域政策的制定提供理论基础.%[Objective] The aim was to study the distribution of vegetation and its relationship with environmental factors in Yellow River estuarine wetland. [Method] According to the data of the plant sample investigation and the related environmental factors in Yellow River Delta National Nature Reserve in 2009 -2010, the plant community changes and its relationship with environmental factors in temperate estuary wetland were analyzed. [ Result] There are few vegetation in the Yellow River delta and the distribution of plants are influenced by environment. Judging from the vegetation structure, the vertical structure of vegetation in the pratidal zone vegetation cover included arbor layer, shrub layer and grass layer. The importance of grass was larger than shrub and arbor. In the intertidal zone, the vertical structure of plants was divided into shrub and herb layers. Judging from the variety, the species in the pratidal was higher than that in the intertidal. The first principal component elected by Principal Component Analysis better reflects the salt of the study area, and the second principal component better reflects nutrient information. Regression analysis showed a positive correlation between importance value and the total salt content and electrical conductivity. In other words, if the total salt content and electrical conductivity increases, the importance value rose. However, the diversity index decreased as the total salt content and electrical conductivity increased. [ Conclusion] The study provided theoretical basis for the ecological protection of vegetations and formulation of regional policies.
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