采用标准样地调查法,对金沙江头塘小流域退耕还林地5种不同的人工林林下的灌木和草本层植物群落数量特征,以及物种丰富度、多样性、均匀度等特征进行研究.结果表明,该区域的人工林林下共有植物59种,隶属31科,蔷薇科和菊科植物占优势.各种人工林林下植被的优势种不同;物种丰富度以华山松林最高,圣诞树林最低;云南松林、旱冬瓜林和云南松-华山松混交林的灌木层和草本层分布均匀,群落多样性高;华山松林下缺乏灌木层,但草本层物种丰富.通过比较,发现金沙江头塘小流域人工林的灌木物种多样性显著低于云南松原始林的物种多样性,而草本物种的多样性则相反,即人工林高于云南松原始林.%Based on the standard plot investigation method, the study on the quantitative features, the species richness, diversity and evenness,etc. characteristics of the shrub layer and herb layer in five plantation communities in Toutang small watershed of Jinsha River were carried out.The results show that there are 59 species of plants in the areas, belonging to 31 families, and Rosaceae and Asteraceae are 2 dominant families.The different undergrowth vegetations have different dominant species. The highest species richness is in Pinus armandiforest, the lowest is in Acacia dealbata forest. The distribution of shrub layer and herb layer in Yunnan pine forest, AAlnus nepalensis forest and mixed forest of Yannan pine and Huashan pine are uniform, and community diversity is higher; moreover, there is lack of shrub layer below Huashan pine forest, but the herb layer species are rich. Through comparison, shrub species diversity in Toutang small watershed of Jinsha River plantations was significantly lower than the primary species diversity of Yunnan pine, and herbaceons species diversity, by contrast, is higher than the primary forest of Yunnan pine plantation.
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