[ Objective ] The research aimed to review the analysis and research on the physicochemical characteristics observation aspect of fog. [ Method ] To recognize the roles of fog microphysical characteristic and chemical reaction in the formation, dissipation, development of fog, the interaction between the microphysical structure, chemical characteristic of fog and the aerosol in the environment, the analysis and research on the micro-physicochemical observation aspect of fog were mainly introduced here. We also put forward that the field still needed the deep research content. [ Result] The observation and research on the micro-physicochemical characteristics of fog could reveal the mechanism of fog formation, dissipation, development from the microphysical component and the reaction of chemical composition. The previous researches focused on the concentration of micro-fog drop, the particle size of fog drop, the liquid water content in the fog, the particle concentration and the particle size, the chemical component and reaction of aerosol. It included the evolution and interaction between the microscopic quantities in the fog, the relationship between the microscopic quantity and visibility. As the improvements of observation experiment instrument and sampling method, it recognized that the fog in the polluted environment condition and the clean air had the big difference whether in the microphysical characteristic or the chemical component. The particle concentration, chemical component and liquid water content of fog were all restricted by the fog particle size. The interaction between the radiation, turbulent flux and the miero-physieochemical characteristics of fog, the vertical structure of microphysics in the fog, the interaction of chemical components, the relationship between the microphysical quantity and macro-physical quantity (such as the visibility), the precision of test instrument needed the further research. [ Conclusion] The research provided the theory basis for the characteristic analysis and forecast of fog.%[目的]回顾雾物理化学特征观测方面的分析和研究.[方法]为了认识雾的微物理特征、化学反应对雾的生消发展所起的作用,以及雾的微物理结构、化学特征与环境气溶胶的相互作用,在此主要介绍了雾的微物理化学观测方面的分析和研究,并提出在此领域仍需深入的研究内容.[结果]雾的微物理化学特征观测与研究能够从徽物理组成、化学成分的反应揭示雾生消发展的机制;以往研究集中在微观雾滴浓度及雾滴粒径、雾中液态水含量、气溶胶粒子浓度及粒径、化学组分及反应方面,其中包括雾中微观量之间的演变及相互影响、微观量与能见度之间的关系;随着观测试验仪器及取样方法的改进,认识到污染环境条件下的雾与清洁大气中的雾无论从微观物理特征还是化学组分上均存在很大的区别,雾粒子浓度、化学成分、液态水含量均受雾粒径的制约.有关辐射、湍流通量与雾的微物理特征间相互影响,雾中微物理的垂直结构、化学组分的相互作用,微观物理量与宏观物理量(如能见度)的关系以及试验仪器精度等方面的研究还有待深化.[结论]该研究为雾的特征分析和预报提供理论依据.
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